Three-Dimensional Assessment of Temporomandibular Joint Morphology and Facial Asymmetry in Individuals with Different Vertical Skeletal Growth Patterns

Rohan Diwakar, Rosaria Bucci (), Ankur Kaushik, Anubhav Bansal, Paolo Bucci, Anuraj Singh Kochhar and Gianrico Spagnuolo
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Rohan Diwakar: Department of Orthodontics, PDM Dental College, Bahadurgarh 124507, India
Rosaria Bucci: Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
Ankur Kaushik: Department of Orthodontics, PDM Dental College, Bahadurgarh 124507, India
Anubhav Bansal: Department of Orthodontics, PDM Dental College, Bahadurgarh 124507, India
Paolo Bucci: Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
Anuraj Singh Kochhar: Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0C1, Canada
Gianrico Spagnuolo: Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-12

Abstract: The aim of the current study was to investigate, by means of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), condyle–fossa relationship, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology and facial asymmetry in subjects with different vertical skeletal growth patterns. CBCT of 56 patients (112 TMJs) were categorized into three groups according to the mandibular plane angle (MP): Hypodivergent (MP ≤ 23°), Normodivergent (23° < MP < 30°), and Hyperdivergent (MP ≥ 30°). TMJ spaces, width and depth of the condyle and thickness of the fossa were measured. Horizontal and vertical measurements were used to assess facial asymmetry. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Turkey tests were computed for the between-groups comparison. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Larger anterior joint space and smaller condylar dimensions (medio-lateral diameter and medio-lateral thickness) were observed in the hyperdivergent group compared to the normodivergent and hypodivergent groups. Right condylar distances to midsagittal plane were significantly larger than left distances in all the three groups. A vertical pattern of growth in healthy individuals seems to be associated with condylar position and dimension, while facial asymmetry values do not differ among different vertical groups.

Keywords: temporomandibular joint; mandibular condyle; cone-beam computed tomography; facial asymmetry; imaging; three-dimensional (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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