Prevalence of Smoking Various Tobacco Types in the Kazakhstani Adult Population in 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study

Natalya Glushkova (), Dariga Smailova, Zhanar Namazbayeva, Gulmira Mukasheva, Ayaulym Zhamakurova, Asylzhan Kuanyshkalieva, Indira K. Karibayeva, Almagul Kauysheva, Nurzhamal Otyzbayeva, Maksut Kulzhanov and Yuliya Semenova
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Natalya Glushkova: Department of Epidemiology, Evidence Based Medicine and Biostatistics, Kazakhstan’s Medical University “Kazakhstan School of Public Health”, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Dariga Smailova: Department of Epidemiology, Evidence Based Medicine and Biostatistics, Kazakhstan’s Medical University “Kazakhstan School of Public Health”, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Zhanar Namazbayeva: Department of Epidemiology, Evidence Based Medicine and Biostatistics, Kazakhstan’s Medical University “Kazakhstan School of Public Health”, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Gulmira Mukasheva: Department of Epidemiology, Evidence Based Medicine and Biostatistics, Kazakhstan’s Medical University “Kazakhstan School of Public Health”, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Ayaulym Zhamakurova: Department of Epidemiology, Evidence Based Medicine and Biostatistics, Kazakhstan’s Medical University “Kazakhstan School of Public Health”, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Asylzhan Kuanyshkalieva: Department of Epidemiology, Evidence Based Medicine and Biostatistics, Kazakhstan’s Medical University “Kazakhstan School of Public Health”, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Indira K. Karibayeva: Department of Epidemiology, Evidence Based Medicine and Biostatistics, Kazakhstan’s Medical University “Kazakhstan School of Public Health”, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Almagul Kauysheva: Department of Epidemiology, Evidence Based Medicine and Biostatistics, Kazakhstan’s Medical University “Kazakhstan School of Public Health”, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Nurzhamal Otyzbayeva: Department of Epidemiology, Evidence Based Medicine and Biostatistics, Kazakhstan’s Medical University “Kazakhstan School of Public Health”, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Maksut Kulzhanov: Department of Epidemiology, Evidence Based Medicine and Biostatistics, Kazakhstan’s Medical University “Kazakhstan School of Public Health”, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Yuliya Semenova: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-11

Abstract: Tobacco use was the second-leading risk factor for death, accounting for 15.4% of total deaths in 2019. In 2019, 20.4% (2.7 million) of the adult population in Kazakhstan, 36.5% of men, and 6.0% of women smoked tobacco. A cross-sectional study of a random sample (n = 1201) was conducted between October and December 2021 in accordance with the STEPwise approach. The tobacco-use questions were focused on current and previous smoking status, initiation and duration of smoking, amount of tobacco use, exposure to secondhand smoke, and information related to quitting smoking. From 20.8% of smokers, 93.8% of men and 80.2% of women use tobacco products daily, χ 2 = 10.983, p -score < 0.001. The earliest initiation of smoking was 6 years old. The prevalence of smoking tobacco products in Kazakhstan is 20.8%, which means that every fifth adult smokes. In addition, the proportion of smokers among men was 38.5%, and among women, it was 10.1%. A total of 93.8% of men and 80.2% of women smoked daily. The role of healthcare professionals in smoking prevention is very low, and only 16.9% of respondents have been advised to quit smoking in the last 12 months. New interventions for tobacco smoking prevention are urgently needed in Kazakhstan.

Keywords: smoking; Kazakhstan; daily tobacco smoking prevalence (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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