Effect of Familial Longevity on Frailty and Sarcopenia: A Case–Control Study

Angel Belenguer-Varea (), Juan Antonio Avellana-Zaragoza, Marta Inglés, Cristina Cunha-Pérez, David Cuesta-Peredo, Consuelo Borrás, José Viña and Francisco José Tarazona-Santabalbina
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Angel Belenguer-Varea: Division of Geriatrics, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, 46600 Valencia, Spain
Juan Antonio Avellana-Zaragoza: Division of Geriatrics, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, 46600 Valencia, Spain
Marta Inglés: Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
Cristina Cunha-Pérez: School of Doctorate, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Martir, 46001 Valencia, Spain
David Cuesta-Peredo: Department of Quality Management, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, 46600 Valencia, Spain
Consuelo Borrás: Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
José Viña: Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
Francisco José Tarazona-Santabalbina: Division of Geriatrics, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, 46600 Valencia, Spain

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-16

Abstract: Familial longevity confers advantages in terms of health, functionality, and longevity. We sought to assess potential differences in frailty and sarcopenia in older adults according to a parental history of extraordinary longevity. A total of 176 community-dwelling subjects aged 65–80 years were recruited in this observational case–control study, pair-matched 1:1 for gender, age, and place of birth and residence: 88 centenarians’ offspring (case group) and 88 non-centenarians’ offspring (control group). The main variables were frailty and sarcopenia based on Fried’s phenotype and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) definitions, respectively. Sociodemographics, comorbidities, clinical and functional variables, the presence of geriatric syndromes, and laboratory parameters were also collected. Related sample tests were applied, and conditional logistic regression was performed. Cases had a higher percentage of robust patients (31.8% vs. 15.9%), lower percentages of frailty (9.1% vs. 21.6%) and pre-frailty (59.1% vs. 62.5%) ( p = 0.001), and lower levels of IL-6 ( p = 0.044) than controls. The robust adjusted OR for cases was 3.00 (95% CI = 1.06–8.47, p = 0.038). No significant differences in muscle mass were found. Familial longevity was also associated with less obesity, insomnia, pain, and polypharmacy and a higher education level and total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The results suggest an inherited genetic component in the frailty phenotype, while the sarcopenia association with familial longevity remains challenging.

Keywords: aging; function; muscle; interleukin-6; heredity; frailty; sarcopenia; longevity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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