Factors Associated with Medication Adherence among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Nepal

Pushpanjali Shakya (), Archana Shrestha, Biraj Man Karmacharya, Donald E. Morisky and Bård Eirik Kulseng
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Pushpanjali Shakya: Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 8905, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
Archana Shrestha: Department of Public Health and Community Programs, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel 45200, Nepal
Biraj Man Karmacharya: Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 8905, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
Donald E. Morisky: Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA
Bård Eirik Kulseng: Centre for Obesity Research, Department of Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital—Trondheim University Hospital, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-11

Abstract: As diabetes increases globally, high mortality increases due to complications of uncontrolled sugar. Medication adherence is important to control blood sugar and prevent its complications. Objective of the study was to identify factors associated with medication adherence among type 2 diabetes patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 343 patients visiting Dhulikhel Hospital, Nepal, for their fasting blood sugar test from September to December 2016. Inclusion criteria: patients with type 2 diabetes, under diabetes medication for past three months (minimum), age ≥ 18 years. The outcome of the study was medication adherence measured using the eight-item Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-8) (© 2006 Donald E. Morisky). Multivariate logistic regression was used for the analysis. Results showed that 61% of respondents had high medication adherence; adherence was positively associated with formal education [AOR: 2.43 (95% CI: 1.34, 4.39)] and attendance at diabetes counseling [AOR: 1.76 (95% CI: 1.02, 3.04)] after adjusting for age, occupation, medicine intake duration and diabetes medicine types. The study concluded that formal education and attendance at diabetes counseling positively affected patients’ adherence to medicine. We encourage healthcare institutions to provide counseling services to all the patients with type 2 diabetes and focus more on those who are less educated.

Keywords: adherence; factors; Nepal; medication; type 2 diabetes (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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