Circulating Peptidome Is Strongly Altered in COVID-19 Patients

Gianluca Baldanzi, Beatrice Purghè, Beatrice Ragnoli, Pier Paolo Sainaghi, Roberta Rolla, Annalisa Chiocchetti, Marcello Manfredi () and Mario Malerba
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Gianluca Baldanzi: Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
Beatrice Purghè: Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
Beatrice Ragnoli: Respiratory Unit, Sant’Andrea Hospital, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
Pier Paolo Sainaghi: Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
Roberta Rolla: Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
Annalisa Chiocchetti: Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
Marcello Manfredi: Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
Mario Malerba: Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-15

Abstract: Whilst the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the host proteome, metabolome, and lipidome has been largely investigated in different bio-fluids, to date, the circulating peptidome remains unexplored. Thus, the present study aimed to apply an untargeted peptidomic approach to provide insight into alterations of circulating peptides in the development and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The circulating peptidome from COVID-19 severe and mildly symptomatic patients and negative controls was characterized using LC-MS/MS analysis for identification and quantification purposes. Database search and statistical analysis allowed a complete characterization of the plasma peptidome and the detection of the most significant modulated peptides that were impacted by the infection. Our results highlighted not only that peptide abundance inversely correlates with disease severity, but also the involvement of biomolecules belonging to inflammatory, immune-response, and coagulation proteins/processes. Moreover, our data suggested a possible involvement of changes in protein degradation patterns. In the present research, for the first time, the untargeted peptidomic approach enabled the identification of circulating peptides potentially playing a crucial role in the progression of COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; peptidomics; protein degradation; biomarkers; respiratory disease (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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