Psychometric Evaluation of the Drive for Muscularity Scale and the Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory among Brazilian Cisgender Gay and Bisexual Adult Men

Cleonaldo Gonçalves Santos, Maurício Almeida, Mauro Lúcio de Oliveira Júnior, Tiffany A. Brown and Pedro Henrique Berbert de Carvalho ()
Additional contact information
Cleonaldo Gonçalves Santos: Body Image and Eating Disorders Research Group (NICTA), Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares 35010-180, MG, Brazil
Maurício Almeida: Body Image and Eating Disorders Research Group (NICTA), Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares 35010-180, MG, Brazil
Mauro Lúcio de Oliveira Júnior: Body Image and Eating Disorders Research Group (NICTA), Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares 35010-180, MG, Brazil
Tiffany A. Brown: Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-9027, USA
Pedro Henrique Berbert de Carvalho: Body Image and Eating Disorders Research Group (NICTA), Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares 35010-180, MG, Brazil

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-15

Abstract: Despite high levels of muscularity concerns among sexual-minority men, most of the existing literature on the drive for muscularity and muscle dysmorphia focuses on heterosexual men and has mainly been conducted in Western and English-speaking regions. The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS) and the Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (MDDI) in Brazilian cisgender gay and bisexual adult men who were 18–50 years old. We evaluated the factor structure of both measures using a two-step, split-sample exploratory (EFA; n = 704) and confirmatory (CFA; n = 705) factor-analytic approach, which supported the original three-factor structure of the MDDI and resulted in a reduced two-factor solution with 13 items for the DMS. Convergent validity was supported through associations of the DMS and the MDDI with eating disorder symptoms, body-ideal internalization, self-objectification beliefs and behaviors, and body appreciation measures. Additionally, we found good internal consistency, and test–retest reliability of both measures. Results support the validity and reliability of the DMS and the MDDI in Brazilian cisgender gay and bisexual adult men and will support future studies exploring these constructs in Brazilian sexual-minority men.

Keywords: muscle dysmorphia; drive for muscularity; measurement; psychometrics; sexual minorities; Brazil (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/2/989/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/2/989/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:2:p:989-:d:1026140

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().