Intraurban Geographic and Socioeconomic Inequalities of Mortality in Four Cities in Colombia

Laura A. Rodriguez-Villamizar (), Diana Marín, Juan Gabriel Piñeros-Jiménez, Oscar Alberto Rojas-Sánchez, Jesus Serrano-Lomelin and Victor Herrera
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Laura A. Rodriguez-Villamizar: Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 681012, Colombia
Diana Marín: School of Medicine, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin 050031, Colombia
Juan Gabriel Piñeros-Jiménez: School of Public Health, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia
Oscar Alberto Rojas-Sánchez: Division of Public Health Research, Project Bank Team, National Institute of Health-INS Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
Jesus Serrano-Lomelin: Department of Public Health, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
Victor Herrera: Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 681012, Colombia

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 2, 1-19

Abstract: Mortality inequalities have been described across Latin American countries, but less is known about inequalities within cities, where most populations live. We aimed to identify geographic and socioeconomic inequalities in mortality within the urban areas of four main cities in Colombia. We analyzed mortality due to non-violent causes of diseases in adults between 2015 and 2019 using census sectors as unit of analysis in Barranquilla, Bogotá, Cali, and Medellín. We calculated smoothed Bayesian mortality rates as main health outcomes and used concentration indexes (CInd) for assessing inequalities using the multidimensional poverty index (MPI) as the socioeconomic measure. Moran eigenvector spatial filters were calculated to capture the spatial patterns of mortality and then used in multivariable models of the association between mortality rates and quintiles of MPI. Social inequalities were evident but not consistent across cities. The most disadvantaged groups showed the highest mortality rates in Cali. Geographic inequalities in mortality rates, regardless of the adults and poverty distribution, were identified in each city, suggesting that other social, environmental, or individual conditions are impacting the spatial distribution of mortality rates within the four cities.

Keywords: mortality; poverty; health disparities; spatial analysis; cardiovascular diseases; respiratory tract diseases; neoplasms; Colombia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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