Social and Metabolic Determinants of Prevalent Hypertension in Men and Women: A Cluster Analysis from a Population-Based Study

Cornelia Bala, Adriana Rusu (), Oana Florentina Gheorghe-Fronea, Theodora Benedek, Calin Pop, Aura Elena Vijiiac, Diana Stanciulescu, Dan Darabantiu, Gabriela Roman and Maria Dorobantu
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Cornelia Bala: Department of Diabetes and Nutrition, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Adriana Rusu: Department of Diabetes and Nutrition, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Oana Florentina Gheorghe-Fronea: Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
Theodora Benedek: Cardiology Department, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, “Gheorghe Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
Calin Pop: Emergency Clinical County Hospital Baia Mare, Faculty of Medicine, “Vasile Goldiș” West University, 430130 Baia Mare, Romania
Aura Elena Vijiiac: Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
Diana Stanciulescu: Cardiology Department, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania
Dan Darabantiu: Department of Cardiology, Arad Emergency Clinical County Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, “Vasile Goldiș” West University, 310025 Arad, Romania
Gabriela Roman: Department of Diabetes and Nutrition, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Maria Dorobantu: Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 3, 1-15

Abstract: Essential hypertension (HTN) has a complex spectrum of pathophysiological determinants and current guidelines provide limited information on high-risk groups that should be targeted for its primary prevention. The objective of our research was to identify clusters of social and metabolic factors associated with prevalent HTN in men and women from a population-based survey in Romania. Of the 1477 participants in the main study, 798 with complete data were analyzed here. Using two-step cluster analysis, one high-risk cluster in women and two high and intermediate risk for prevalent HTN in men were identified. Older age, rural area, lower education, and higher burden of metabolic factors characterized clusters with higher risk, while intermediate risk in men was characterized by a more metabolically healthy phenotype in younger individuals. In logistic regression, men in Cluster 1 vs. those in Cluster 3 had an odds ratio (OR) of 9.6 (95%CI: 4.6; 20.0), p < 0.001 for prevalent HTN, while OR for Cluster 2 vs. Cluster 3 was 3.2 (95%CI: 1.4; 7.4), p = 0.005. In women, the OR for HTN was 10.2 (95%CI: 5.7; 18.5) if assigned to Cluster 2 vs. Cluster 1, p < 0.001. These results pointed out the subgroups and communities that the primary prevention of HTN should be prioritized in.

Keywords: hypertension; primary prevention; social determinants (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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