Prevalence and Mode of Birth in Late Fetal Mortality in Spain, 2016–2019

Pedro Hidalgo-Lopezosa (), Ana María Cubero-Luna, Rubén García-Fernández, Andrea Jiménez-Ruz, María Isabel Maestre-Luna, Cristina Liébana-Presa, María Aurora Rodríguez-Borrego and Pablo Jesús López-Soto
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Pedro Hidalgo-Lopezosa: Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
Ana María Cubero-Luna: Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
Rubén García-Fernández: SALBIS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus de Ponferrada, Universidad de León, 24401 León, Spain
Andrea Jiménez-Ruz: Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
María Isabel Maestre-Luna: Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
Cristina Liébana-Presa: SALBIS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus de Ponferrada, Universidad de León, 24401 León, Spain
María Aurora Rodríguez-Borrego: Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
Pablo Jesús López-Soto: Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 3, 1-9

Abstract: (1) Background: The rate of cesarean sections in late fetal mortality remains high. We aimed to determine the prevalence of late fetal mortality in Spain and risk factors for cesarean birth in women with stillbirth ≥ 28 weeks gestation between 2016–2019. (2) Methods: A retrospective observational study with national data between 2016–2019. A total of 3504 births with fetal dead were included. Sociodemographic, obstetrical and neonatal variables were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression (MLR), with cesarean birth with a stillborn ≥ 28 weeks gestation as the dependent variable. (3) Results: The late fetal mortality rate was 2.8 × 1000; 22.7% of births were by cesarean section. Factors associated with cesarean were having a multiple birth (aOR 6.78); stillbirth weight (aOR 2.41); birth taking place in towns with over 50,000 inhabitants (aOR 1.34); and mother’s age ≥ 35 (aOR 1.23). (4) Conclusions: The late fetal mortality rate increased during the period. The performance of cesarean sections was associated with the mother’s age, obstetric factors and place of birth. Our findings encourage reflection on how to best put into practice national clinical and socio-educational prevention strategies, as well as the approved protocols on how childbirth should be correctly conducted.

Keywords: stillbirth; late fetal mortality; mode of birth; cesarean birth (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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