Food Behaviours and Health Indicators in Manitoba Adolescents and Relation to the Healthy Eating Index

Joyce Slater (), Bhanu Pilli, Aynslie Hinds, Alan Katz, Marcelo L. Urquia, Julianne Sanguins, Chris Green, Jaime Cidro, Dan Chateau and Nathan Nickel
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Joyce Slater: Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
Bhanu Pilli: Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
Aynslie Hinds: Department of Psychology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada
Alan Katz: Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W3, Canada
Marcelo L. Urquia: Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W3, Canada
Julianne Sanguins: Manitoba Metis Federation, Winnipeg, MB R3B 0 J7, Canada
Chris Green: Winnipeg Regional Health Authority, Winnipeg, MB R3B 1E2, Canada
Jaime Cidro: Department of Anthropology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada
Dan Chateau: Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
Nathan Nickel: Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W3, Canada

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 3, 1-13

Abstract: Adolescence is a vital period of growth and development, both of which are dependent on adequate nutrition; however, concerns persist about poor nutrition and inappropriate food behaviours. In addition to nutrition assessment, the context of food and health behaviour is necessary to understand how dietary choices are shaped and related to diet quality. This study describes food-related behaviours and health indicators associated with dietary quality among adolescents in Manitoba, Canada. A stratified two-stage sampling method was used to collect data on the diet, food behaviours and health indicators of 1587 grade nine students. Diet quality was analysed using the Healthy Eating Index-Canada. Several food behaviours and health indicators varied by gender and school region (urban, rural, northern). The Independent Samples t-test and one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) assessed differences between groups on the Healthy Eating Index-Canada. Higher Healthy Eating Index-Canada scores were found for those eating family dinners more frequently; consuming breakfast and lunch more frequently; consuming breakfast at home; eating lunch and morning snacks at school; purchasing fewer meals and snacks from cafeterias and vending machines; believing that food and nutrition education is important; not attempting to lose weight; being classified as ‘healthy weight’; and getting more sleep. Many Manitoba youth are exhibiting food and health behaviours that increase their risk of having a poor diet.

Keywords: nutrition; eating behaviours; diet; adolescent; Manitoba; Canada (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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