Multimodality Imaging in HIV-Associated Cardiovascular Complications: A Comprehensive Review

Parveen Kumar (), Christophe Arendt, Simon Martin, Safaa Al Soufi, Philipp DeLeuw, Eike Nagel and Valentina O. Puntmann
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Parveen Kumar: Institute of Experimental and Translational Cardiac Imaging, DZHK, Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Christophe Arendt: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Simon Martin: Institute of Experimental and Translational Cardiac Imaging, DZHK, Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Safaa Al Soufi: Institute of Experimental and Translational Cardiac Imaging, DZHK, Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Philipp DeLeuw: Infektiologikum, 60590 Frankfurt-am Main, Germany
Eike Nagel: Institute of Experimental and Translational Cardiac Imaging, DZHK, Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Valentina O. Puntmann: Institute of Experimental and Translational Cardiac Imaging, DZHK, Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 3, 1-18

Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced the risk of developing acquired immune deficiency syndrome and increased life expectancy, approaching that of the general population. However, people living with HIV have a substantially increased risk of cardiovascular diseases despite long-term viral suppression using ART. HIV-associated cardiovascular complications encompass a broad spectrum of diseases that involve the myocardium, pericardium, coronary arteries, valves, and systemic and pulmonary vasculature. Traditional risk stratification tools do not accurately predict cardiovascular risk in this population. Multimodality imaging plays an essential role in the evaluation of various HIV-related cardiovascular complications. Here, we emphasize the role of multimodality imaging in establishing the diagnosis and aetiopathogenesis of various cardiovascular manifestations related to chronic HIV disease. This review also provides a critical appraisal of contemporary data and illustrative cases.

Keywords: cardiovascular magnetic resonance; human immunodeficiency virus; myocarditis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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