Trends and Determinants of Full Immunisation among Children Aged 12–23 Months: Analysis of Pooled Data from Mozambican Household Surveys between 1997 and 2015

Marta Cassocera, Orvalho Augusto (), Assucênio Chissaque, Esperança Lourenço Guimarães, Katherine Shulock, Nilsa de Deus and Maria R. O. Martins
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Marta Cassocera: Instituto Nacional de Saúde de Moçambique, Marracuene District, EN1, Bairro da Vila—Parcela n° 3943, Maputo 264, Mozambique
Orvalho Augusto: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo 702, Mozambique
Assucênio Chissaque: Instituto Nacional de Saúde de Moçambique, Marracuene District, EN1, Bairro da Vila—Parcela n° 3943, Maputo 264, Mozambique
Esperança Lourenço Guimarães: Instituto Nacional de Saúde de Moçambique, Marracuene District, EN1, Bairro da Vila—Parcela n° 3943, Maputo 264, Mozambique
Katherine Shulock: Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
Nilsa de Deus: Instituto Nacional de Saúde de Moçambique, Marracuene District, EN1, Bairro da Vila—Parcela n° 3943, Maputo 264, Mozambique
Maria R. O. Martins: Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 3, 1-17

Abstract: The 1974 Expanded Program on Immunisation has saved millions of children worldwide by promoting full immunisation coverage (FIC). However, forty years later, many sub-Saharan African countries remain well below its target of 90% FIC. This study analysed the level, trends and determinants of FIC in 4322 Mozambican children aged 12–23 months from pooled data from four national surveys between 1997 and 2015. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression models were performed to analyse the factors associated with full immunisation coverage. Overall, the coverage of fully immunised children increased from 47.9% in 1997 to 66.5% in 2015, corresponding to a 1.8% yearly increase. The needed FIC growth rate post-2015 was 4.3 times higher. Increased maternal education and a higher household wealth index were associated with higher odds of FIS. Furthermore, attending antenatal care (ANC) visits, institutional delivery and living in southern provinces were also associated with increased odds of FIS. Between 1997 and 2015, FIC among 12–23-month-old children made modest annual gains but remained well below international targets. Factors related to access to healthcare, educational level, socioeconomic status and geographical location were associated with improved FIC. Targeted interventions to expand these factors will improve immunisation coverage among Mozambican children.

Keywords: children; full immunisation coverage (FIC); trends; determinants; surveys; Mozambique (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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