Prehabilitation in Cardiovascular Surgery: The Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (Randomized Clinical Trial)

Alexey N. Sumin (), Pavel A. Oleinik, Andrey V. Bezdenezhnykh and Natalia A. Bezdenezhnykh
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Alexey N. Sumin: Laboratory for Comorbidity in Cardiovascular Diseases, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, 6, Sosnoviy blvd, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
Pavel A. Oleinik: Laboratory for Comorbidity in Cardiovascular Diseases, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, 6, Sosnoviy blvd, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
Andrey V. Bezdenezhnykh: Laboratory for Comorbidity in Cardiovascular Diseases, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, 6, Sosnoviy blvd, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia
Natalia A. Bezdenezhnykh: Laboratory for Comorbidity in Cardiovascular Diseases, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, 6, Sosnoviy blvd, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 3, 1-12

Abstract: Objective: We aimed to determine the effects of prehabilitation with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on muscle status and exercise capacity in patients before cardiac surgery. Methods: Preoperative elective cardiac surgery patients were randomly assigned to the NMES group or control group. Intervention in the NMES group was 7–10 sessions, whereas the control group carried out breathing exercises and an educational program. The outcome measures included a six-minute walk test (6MWT) and a muscle status assessment (knee extensor strength (KES), knee flexor strength (KFS), and handgrip strength (HS)) after the course of prehabilitation. Results: A total of 122 patients (NMES, n = 62; control, n = 60) completed the study. During the NMES course, no complications occurred. After the course prehabilitation KES, KFS, and 6MWT distance were significantly increased (all p < 0.001) in the NMES group compared to the control. There was no significant difference in HS before surgery. Conclusions: A short-term NMES course before cardiac surgery is feasible, safe, and effective to improve preoperative functional capacity (six-minute walk distance) and the strength of stimulated muscles.

Keywords: neuromuscular electrical stimulation; prehabilitation; cardiovascular surgery; muscle status (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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