Vertical Transmission of Coxsackievirus A6 with Severe Congenital Pneumonia/Sepsis

Ruka Nakasone, Miki Ogi, Aoi Kawamura, Osamu Miyake, Takumi Kido, Shinya Abe, Naoto Takahashi, Kandai Nozu and Kazumichi Fujioka ()
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Ruka Nakasone: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
Miki Ogi: Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Public Health Science, Kakogawa 675-0003, Japan
Aoi Kawamura: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
Osamu Miyake: Department of Pediatrics, Palmore Hospital, Kobe 650-0012, Japan
Takumi Kido: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
Shinya Abe: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
Naoto Takahashi: Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
Kandai Nozu: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
Kazumichi Fujioka: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0017, Japan

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 4, 1-7

Abstract: We report a case of vertical transmission of Coxsackievirus (CV)-A6 with severe congenital pneumonia/sepsis. A male infant presented with severe respiratory symptoms at birth and was treated with full cardiopulmonary support, including inhaled nitric oxide. Three days before delivery, his older brother was diagnosed with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). His mother developed transient fever 1 day before delivery and presented a blister on her thumb 2 days after delivery. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction test on day 2 was positive for human rhinovirus/enterovirus. CV-A6 was later detected in the serum, tracheal aspirate, and stool of the patient sampled on day 6, and in the maternal serum sampled on the day of delivery. He was diagnosed with congenital CV-A6 pneumonia/sepsis caused by vertical transmission, based on VP1 consensus sequences used for typing of the virus that demonstrated a 100% match between the mother and infant. Further, the strain was closely related to the lethal CV-A6-Changchun strains in the phylogenetic analysis of the P2 region, which contributes to the pathogenicity. In conclusion, congenital CV-A6 infection should be considered if a woman exhibits HFMD symptoms during the perinatal period. Detailed virologic examination is useful for understanding its pathogenesis.

Keywords: Coxsackievirus A6; vertical transmission; multiplex PCR; congenital pneumonia; HFMD (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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