Perception and Practice of Workplace Violence Prevention and Its Associated Factors among Employers at Healthcare Facilities in Melaka, Malaysia

Mohd Nizam Mohamad Yazid, Nik Rosmawati Nik Husain (), Aziah Daud, Yelmizaitun Osman, Normazura Mustapa and Azlihanis Abdul Hadi
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Mohd Nizam Mohamad Yazid: Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
Nik Rosmawati Nik Husain: Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
Aziah Daud: Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
Yelmizaitun Osman: Kelantan State Health Department, Kota Bharu 15590, Kelantan, Malaysia
Normazura Mustapa: Melaka State Health Department, Melaka International Trade Centre, Malacca 75450, Melaka, Malaysia
Azlihanis Abdul Hadi: Ministry of Health Malaysia, Federal Government Administrative Centre, Putrajaya 62590, Selangor, Malaysia

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 4, 1-21

Abstract: Workplace violence (WPV) is a major public health concern, especially among healthcare workers. There is a negative perception and poor practice of healthcare employers towards WPV prevention. This study aims to determine the perception and practice towards WPV prevention and its associated factors among healthcare employers in Melaka, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted by recruiting 162 healthcare employers, using a validated questionnaire and utilised linear regression analysis. The participants had a mean percentage of 67.2% for perception and 80% for practice towards WPV prevention. The perception towards WPV prevention is associated with the following characteristics: female (adjusted ß = −3.95; 95% CI: −7.81, −0.09; p = 0.045), Indian ethnicity (adjusted ß = 16.04; 95% CI: 2.34, 29.74; p = 0.022), other ethnicities (adjusted ß = 25.71; 95% CI: 8.94, 42.47; p = 0.003), degree holder (adjusted ß = 4.35; 95% CI: 0.15, 8.54; p = 0.042), masters holder (adjusted ß = 7.63; 95% CI: 1.11, 14.14; p = 0.022), and enough funds (adjusted ß = −5.46; 95% CI: −9.25, −1.67; p = 0.005). Meanwhile, the practice towards WPV prevention is significantly associated with Chinese ethnicity (adjusted ß = −9.25; 95% CI: −18.36, −0.14; p = 0.047), Indian ethnicity (adjusted ß = −14.97; 95% CI: −29.48, −0.46; p = 0.043), other ethnicities (adjusted ß = 23.55; 95% CI: 5.59, 41.51; p = 0.011), degree holder (adjusted ß = −4.41; 95% CI: −8.67, −0.14; p = 0.043), and availability of standard operating procedure for reporting WPV (adjusted ß = 6.07; 95% CI: 1.58, 10.57; p = 0.008). The high perception and practice towards WPV prevention and its associated factors among healthcare employers provide evidence-based input to improve the existing measures for WPV prevention.

Keywords: workplace violence prevention; perception; practice; healthcare employers; associated factors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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