Effect of Non-Pharmacological Methods in the Reduction of Neonatal Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Inmaculada García-Valdivieso (), Benito Yáñez-Araque, Eva Moncunill-Martínez, M. Jesús Bocos-Reglero and Sagrario Gómez-Cantarino
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Inmaculada García-Valdivieso: General Hospital Mancha Centre (HGMC), Castilla-La Mancha Health Service (SESCAM), 13600 Alcázar de San Juan, Spain
Benito Yáñez-Araque: Department of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo Campus, 45071 Toledo, Spain
Eva Moncunill-Martínez: Toledo University Hospital (HUT), Neonatal and Pediatric Oncology, Castilla-La Mancha Health Service (SESCAM), Theoretical Collaborator University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo Campus, 45071 Toledo, Spain
M. Jesús Bocos-Reglero: National Hospital of Paraplegics (HNP), Castilla-La Mancha Health Service (SESCAM), Theoretical Collaborator University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo Campus, 45071 Toledo, Spain
Sagrario Gómez-Cantarino: Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo Campus, 45071 Toledo, Spain

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 4, 1-14

Abstract: In neonatology, neonates have traditionally been considered incapable of feeling pain, due to the immaturity of their nervous system. Currently, there is sufficient information on the perception of pain in neonates; however, this treatment at this crucial stage for development requires a better approach. For this reason, the aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy of non-pharmacological analgesia interventions during heel prick, and to assess their effects on heart rate (HR), premature infant pain profile (PIPP) and O 2 saturation. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), and the Cochrane collaboration handbook. The databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and Science Direct were searched until the end of January 2022. The DerSimonian and Laird methods were used to estimate the effect size with a 95% confidence interval (CI95%). Effect size estimates were 0.05 (95% CI: −0.19, 0.29) for HR, −0.02 (95% CI: −0.24, 0.21) for PIPP scale, and −0.12 (95% CI: −0.29, 0.05) for O 2 saturation. The non-pharmacological interventions analysed (breastfeeding, kangaroo-mother care method, oral sucrose and non-nutritive sucking) were not statistically significant in reducing neonatal pain, but did influence the decrease in pain score and a faster stabilisation of vital signs.

Keywords: breastfeeding; kangaroo-mother care method; sucrose; suction; pain management; pain measurement; analgesia; nursing care; newborn infant (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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