Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors Associated to Fruits and Vegetables Consumption in Elderly Europeans: A Systematic Review

Malak Kouiti, Carmen Ortega-Rico, Juan Pedro Arrebola (), Mabel Gracia-Arnaiz and Cristina Larrea-Killinger
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Malak Kouiti: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Carmen Ortega-Rico: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Juan Pedro Arrebola: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Mabel Gracia-Arnaiz: Department of Anthropology, Philosophy and Social Work, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av., 43002 Tarragona, Spain
Cristina Larrea-Killinger: Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 4, 1-23

Abstract: Several epidemiological studies stress the association between a diet based on high fruits and vegetables intake and a better health condition. However, elderly Europeans cannot manage the recommended fruits and vegetables consumption. This systematic review aims to explore the main factors related to fruits and vegetables consumption in elderly Europeans. We conducted literature searches on Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to May 2022. Published articles including data related to certain fruits and vegetables consumption among elderly Europeans were selected. The New Castle-Ottawa Scale and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute tools were used for methodological quality assessment by two authors independently. A total of 60 articles were retrieved, and data from twenty-one high-quality cross-sectional studies and five moderate-to-high-quality cohort studies, including a total of 109,516 participants, were synthesized. Associated factors mostly analyzed were those relating to demographic and socioeconomic status, such as sex, age, marital status, educational level, and income. However, the findings show a high discrepancy. Some evidence suggests a possible positive association, while other evidence shows an inverse or no association at all. The relationship between demographic and socioeconomic factors with fruits and vegetables consumption is not at all clear. More epidemiological studies with an appropriate design and corresponding statistical methods are required.

Keywords: elderly people; fruits and vegetables consumption; socioeconomic factors; demographic factors; systematic review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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