Measures for Controlling Gaseous Emissions during Composting: A Review

Minghan Li, Shuyan Li (), Shigeng Chen, Qingyu Meng, Yu Wang, Wujie Yang, Lianhui Shi (), Fangjun Ding (), Jun Zhu, Ronghui Ma and Xinsong Guo
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Minghan Li: College of Resource and Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
Shuyan Li: College of Resource and Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
Shigeng Chen: SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China
Qingyu Meng: SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China
Yu Wang: SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China
Wujie Yang: Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250014, China
Lianhui Shi: College of Resource and Environment, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
Fangjun Ding: SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China
Jun Zhu: SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China
Ronghui Ma: Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250014, China
Xinsong Guo: SDAU Fertilizer Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Tai’an 271608, China

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 4, 1-22

Abstract: Composting is a promising technology for treating organic solid waste. However, greenhouse gases (methane and nitrous oxide) and odor emissions (ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) during composting are practically unavoidable, leading to severe environmental problems and poor final compost products. The optimization of composting conditions and the application of additives have been considered to mitigate these problems, but a comprehensive analysis of the influence of these methods on gaseous emissions during composting is lacking. Thus, this review summarizes the influence of composting conditions and different additives on gaseous emissions, and the cost of each measure is approximately evaluated. Aerobic conditions can be achieved by appropriate process conditions, so the contents of CH 4 and N 2 O can subsequently be effectively reduced. Physical additives are effective regulators to control anaerobic gaseous emissions, having a large specific surface area and great adsorption performance. Chemical additives significantly reduce gaseous emissions, but their side effects on compost application must be eliminated. The auxiliary effect of microbial agents is not absolute, but is closely related to the dosage and environmental conditions of compost. Compound additives can reduce gaseous emissions more efficiently than single additives. However, further study is required to assess the economic viability of additives to promote their large-scale utilization during composting.

Keywords: composting; greenhouse gaseous; odors; additives (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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