A Time to Get Vaccinated? The Role of Time Perspective, Consideration of Future Consequences, Conspiracy Beliefs, Religious Faith, Gender, and Race on Intention to Vaccinate for COVID-19 in the United States

Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa (), Alexander Unger, Julie Papastamatelou and Philip G. Zimbardo
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Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa: Department of Psychology, Golden Gate University, 536 Mission St., San Francisco, CA 94105, USA
Alexander Unger: East-Asia Institute, Ludwigshafen University of Business and Society, Rheinpromenade 12, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
Julie Papastamatelou: Study Program of Business Psychology, University of Applied Management Studies (HdWM), 68163 Mannheim, Germany
Philip G. Zimbardo: Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Jordan Hall 450 Jane Stanford Way, Building 420, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 4, 1-23

Abstract: The present study examined the predictability of Time Perspective (TP) tendencies (i.e., Past Positive, Past Negative, Present Hedonistic, Present Fatalistic, and Future), the Balanced Time Perspective (BTP) profile, the Consideration of Future Consequences—Immediate (CFC-I) factor, the Consideration of Future Consequences—Future (CFC-F) factor, conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 being a hoax, religious faith, gender, and race on COVID-19 vaccination intention as a dependent variable. Participants were recruited in the United States through the online platforms Prolific and Google Forms. The final sample was n = 232 ( n = 99 male, n = 129 female, and n = 2 other, M age = 31). Outcome measures included sociodemographic questions, the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory—short version, the Consideration of Future Consequences (CFC) ultra-short scale, the COVID-19 Conspiracy Beliefs questionnaire, and the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire—brief version. Regression analyses revealed that vaccination intention was reduced by gender identification as woman, identification as multiracial or from mixed origin, Past Positive, Deviation from a BTP profile, belief in COVID-19 as hoax, and religious faith. Conversely, intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 was increased by Past Negative, CFC-I, and CFC-F. These findings could be beneficial for knowledge transfer to behavioral interventions aimed to promote vaccination against COVID-19, health promotion campaigns, and the public health field.

Keywords: time perspective; balanced time perspective; COVID-19 vaccine; consideration of future consequences; conspiracy beliefs; religious faith; gender; race; United States; theory of planned behavior; intention (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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