Development, Validation, and Measurement Invariance of the Body Image Bidimensional Assessment (BIBA) in Italian and Spanish Children and Early Adolescent Samples

Cristina Segura-Garcia, Matteo Aloi (), Elvira Anna Carbone, Filippo Antonio Staltari, Marianna Rania, Maria Cristina Papaianni, Mikel Vaquero-Solís, Miguel Ángel Tapia-Serrano, Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel and Marco Tullio Liuzza
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Cristina Segura-Garcia: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Matteo Aloi: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Elvira Anna Carbone: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Filippo Antonio Staltari: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Marianna Rania: Outpatient Unit for Clinical Research and Treatment of Eating Disorders, University Hospital Mater Domini, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Maria Cristina Papaianni: Italian Ministry of Education, 88900 Crotone, Italy
Mikel Vaquero-Solís: Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
Miguel Ángel Tapia-Serrano: Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel: Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
Marco Tullio Liuzza: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 4, 1-14

Abstract: Body dissatisfaction (BD) is an important public health issue as it negatively influences the physical and psychosocial wellbeing of children/early adolescents. Available measures of BD for this population are scarce, have a significant bias, or only evaluate weight-related dissatisfaction. This study, through the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), aims to develop and validate the Italian (Study 1) and Spanish (Study 2) versions of a new tool, the Body Image Bidimensional Assessment (BIBA), which is not subject to sex–age–race biases and is able to identify BD related to weight and height among children/early adolescents. Study 3 regards the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), testing the measurement of invariance across sex and country. The BIBA has a two-factor structure (i.e., weight and height dissatisfaction) according to studies 1 and 2. McDonald’s ω ranged from 0.73 (weight) and 0.72 (height) with good reliability. CFA confirmed the two-factor model as a good fit for the Italian and Spanish samples. Finally, partial metric and scalar invariance of the BIBA dimensions across sexes and nations emerged. The BIBA has proven to be an easy-to-use tool that identifies two BD dimensions among children/early adolescents who could benefit from prompt educational interventions.

Keywords: body dissatisfaction; height dissatisfaction; mental health; psychometrics; factor analysis; figural scales; contour line drawings (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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