Ultrasound Imaging and Guidance for Cervical Myofascial Pain: A Narrative Review

Vincenzo Ricci (), Kamal Mezian, Ke-Vin Chang, Domiziano Tarantino, Orhan Güvener, Fabrizio Gervasoni, Ondřej Naňka and Levent Özçakar
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Vincenzo Ricci: Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy
Kamal Mezian: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
Ke-Vin Chang: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei Hu Branch, Taipei 10845, Taiwan
Domiziano Tarantino: Department of Public Health, Rehabilitation Unit, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
Orhan Güvener: Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Mersin University Medical School, 33000 Mersin, Turkey
Fabrizio Gervasoni: Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy
Ondřej Naňka: Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
Levent Özçakar: Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, 06100 Ankara, Turkey

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 5, 1-11

Abstract: Cervical myofascial pain is a very common clinical condition in the daily practice of musculoskeletal physicians. Physical examination is currently the cornerstone for evaluating the cervical muscles and identifying the eventual presence of myofascial trigger points. Herein, the role of ultrasound assessment in precisely localizing them is progressively mounting in the pertinent literature. Moreover, using ultrasound, not only the muscle tissue but also the fascial and neural elements can be accurately located/evaluated. Indeed, several potential pain generators, in addition to paraspinal muscles, can be involved in the clinical scenario of cervical myofascial pain syndrome. In this article, the authors extensively reviewed the sonographic approach for cervical myofascial pain in order to better diagnose or guide different procedures that can be performed in the clinical practice of musculoskeletal physicians.

Keywords: trigger point; cervical spine; muscle; sonography; intervention (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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