Associations of Clusters of Cardiovascular Risk Factors with Insulin Resistance and Β-Cell Functioning in a Working-Age Diabetic-Free Population in Kazakhstan

Yerbolat Saruarov (), Gulnaz Nuskabayeva, Mehmet Ziya Gencer, Karlygash Sadykova, Mira Zhunissova, Ugilzhan Tatykayeva, Elmira Iskandirova, Gulmira Sarsenova, Aigul Durmanova, Abduzhappar Gaipov, Kuralay Atageldiyeva and Antonio Sarría-Santamera ()
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Yerbolat Saruarov: Department of Special Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan 161200, Kazakhstan
Gulnaz Nuskabayeva: Department of Special Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan 161200, Kazakhstan
Mehmet Ziya Gencer: Department of Special Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan 161200, Kazakhstan
Karlygash Sadykova: Department of Special Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan 161200, Kazakhstan
Mira Zhunissova: Department of Special Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan 161200, Kazakhstan
Ugilzhan Tatykayeva: Department of Human Pathology and Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan 161200, Kazakhstan
Elmira Iskandirova: Department of Therapy, Shymkent Medical Institute, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Shymkent 160019, Kazakhstan
Gulmira Sarsenova: Department of Therapy, Shymkent Medical Institute, Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Shymkent 160019, Kazakhstan
Aigul Durmanova: Academic Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan
Abduzhappar Gaipov: Academic Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan
Kuralay Atageldiyeva: Academic Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan
Antonio Sarría-Santamera: Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 5, 1-11

Abstract: Cardiovascular risk factors aggregate in determined individuals. Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have higher cardiovascular This study aimed to investigate insulinresistance (IR) and β-cell function using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) indexes in a general Kazakh population and determine the effect he effect that cardiovascular factors may have on those indexes. We conducted a cross-sectional study among employees of the Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University (Turkistan, Kazakhstan) aged between 27 and 69 years. Sociodemographic variables, anthropometric measurements (body mass, height, waist circumference, hip circumference), and blood pressure were obtained. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure insulin, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high- (HDL) andlow-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed. Hierarchical and K-means cluster analyses were obtained. The final sample was composed of 427 participants. Spearmen correlation analysis showed that cardiovascular parameters were statistically associated with HOMA-β ( p < 0.001) and not with HOMA IR. Participants were aggregated into the three clusters where the cluster with a higher age and cardiovascular risk revealed deficient β-cell functioning, but not IR ( p < 0.000 and p = 0.982). Common and easy to obtain biochemical and anthropometric measurements capturing relevant cardiovascular risk factors have been demonstrated to be associated with significant deficiency in insulin secretion. Although further longitudinal studies of the incidence of T2DM are needed, this study highlights that cardiovascular profiling has a significant role not just for risk stratification of patients for cardiovascular prevention but also for targeted vigilant glucose monitoring.

Keywords: cardiovascular risk factors; type 2 diabetes mellitus; insulin resistance; ?-cell dysfunction; Kazakhstan (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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