Association between Sarcopenia, Falls, and Cognitive Impairment in Older People: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Jack Roberto Silva Fhon (), Alice Regina Felipe Silva, Eveline Fontes Costa Lima, Alexandre Pereira dos Santos Neto, Ángela Maria Henao-Castaño, Elizabeth Fajardo-Ramos and Vilanice Alves Araújo Püschel
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Jack Roberto Silva Fhon: Graduate Program in Adult Health Nursing, Nursing School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403, Brazil
Alice Regina Felipe Silva: Graduate Program in Adult Health Nursing, Nursing School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403, Brazil
Eveline Fontes Costa Lima: Graduate Program in Adult Health Nursing, Nursing School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403, Brazil
Alexandre Pereira dos Santos Neto: Graduate Program in Adult Health Nursing, Nursing School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403, Brazil
Ángela Maria Henao-Castaño: Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 11001, Colombia
Elizabeth Fajardo-Ramos: Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730006299, Colombia
Vilanice Alves Araújo Püschel: Graduate Program in Adult Health Nursing, Nursing School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403, Brazil

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 5, 1-11

Abstract: With the aging process, elderly people present changes in their bodies that can lead them to suffer several geriatric syndromes. The present study aimed to analyze and synthesize the literature produced concerning the association of sarcopenia with falls in elderly people with cognitive impairment. This is a systematic review study on etiology and risk, conducted according to the JBI methodology using the Medline (Pubmed), Cinahl, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The gray literature search was conducted in the CAPES Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, Google Scholar, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD), EBSCO Open Dissertations, DART-e, and ACS Guide to Scholarly Communication. The identification of the association between the variables was extracted from the articles themselves (Odds Ratio and the 95% Confidence Intervals). Four articles published between 2012 and 2021 were included in this review. A prevalence of falls was identified, ranging from 14.2% to 23.1%, of cognitive impairment ranging from 24.1% to 60.8%, and of sarcopenia ranging from 6.1 to 26.6%. The meta-analysis found that elderly people with cognitive impairment who suffer falls are at a 1.88 times greater risk of presenting sarcopenia ( p = 0.01). There is evidence of an association between the variables, but it is necessary to conduct follow-up studies to support this association as well as other factors that may influence the senescence and senility process.

Keywords: cognitive dysfunction; falls; sarcopenia; elderly; review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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