Resistance to Pyrethroids in the Malaria Vector Anopheles albimanus in Two Important Villages in the Soconusco Region of Chiapas, Mexico, 2022

Francisco Solis-Santoyo, Cuauhtémoc Villarreal-Treviño, Alma D. López-Solis, Lilia González-Cerón, José Cruz Rodríguez-Ramos, Farah Z. Vera-Maloof, Rogelio Danis-Lozano and Rosa Patricia Penilla-Navarro ()
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Francisco Solis-Santoyo: Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
Cuauhtémoc Villarreal-Treviño: Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
Alma D. López-Solis: Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
Lilia González-Cerón: Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
José Cruz Rodríguez-Ramos: Jurisdicción Sanitaria VII, Antiguo Hospital General de Tapachula, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto, Tapachula CP 30798, Chiapas, Mexico
Farah Z. Vera-Maloof: Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
Rogelio Danis-Lozano: Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
Rosa Patricia Penilla-Navarro: Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 5, 1-13

Abstract: Chiapas State comprises the largest malaria foci from Mexico, and 57% of the autochthonous cases in 2021, all with Plasmodium vivax infections, were reported in this State. Southern Chiapas is at constant risk of cases imported due to migratory human flow. Since chemical control of vector mosquitoes is the main entomological action implemented for the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases, this work aimed to investigate the susceptibility of Anopheles albimanus to insecticides. To this end, mosquitoes were collected in cattle in two villages in southern Chiapas in July–August 2022. Two methods were used to evaluate the susceptibility: the WHO tube bioassay and the CDC bottle bioassay. For the latter, diagnostic concentrations were calculated. The enzymatic resistance mechanisms were also analyzed. CDC diagnostic concentrations were obtained; 0.7 μg/mL deltamethrin, 12 μg/mL permethrin, 14.4 μg/mL malathion, and 2 μg/mL chlorpyrifos. Mosquitoes from Cosalapa and La Victoria were susceptible to organophosphates and to bendiocarb, but resistant to pyrethroids, with mortalities between 89% and 70% (WHO), and 88% and 78% (CDC), for deltamethrin and permethrin, respectively. High esterase levels are suggested as the resistance mechanism involved in the metabolism of pyrethroids in mosquitoes from both villages. Mosquitoes from La Victoria might also involve cytochrome P 450 . Therefore, organophosphates and carbamates are suggested to currently control An. albimanus . Its use might reduce the frequency of resistance genes to pyrethroids and vector abundance and may impede the transmission of malaria parasites.

Keywords: Anopheles albimanus; insecticide resistance; pyethroids; imported malaria; esterases; forced oviposition (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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