Masticatory Efficiency in Orthodontic Patients with Craniofacial Disorder

Maria Schmidt, Gregor Slavicek, Florian Slavicek, Matthias C. Schulz, Maite Aretxabaleta, Josephine Effert, Bernd Koos and Christina Weise ()
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Maria Schmidt: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
Gregor Slavicek: Orehab Minds GmbH, Zettachring 2, 70567 Stuttgart, Germany
Florian Slavicek: Orehab Minds GmbH, Zettachring 2, 70567 Stuttgart, Germany
Matthias C. Schulz: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
Maite Aretxabaleta: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
Josephine Effert: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
Bernd Koos: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
Christina Weise: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstr. 2-8, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 5, 1-12

Abstract: This study evaluates the masticatory efficiency in patients with craniofacial disorders (CD) compared to controls (C). A total of 119 participants (7–21 years), divided into CD group (n = 42, mean age 13.45 ± 5.2 years) and C group (n = 77, mean age 14.3 ± 3.27 years) under an orthodontic treatment were included. Masticatory efficiency was assessed using a standard food model test. The masticated food was examined according to its number of particles (n) and area (mm 2 ), wherein a higher number of particles alongside a smaller area was an indication of better masticatory efficiency. Additionally, the influence of cleft formation, chewing side, dentition stage, age and sex were evaluated. Patients with CD chewed the standardized food in fewer particles (n CD = 61.76 vs. n C = 84.58), with a significantly higher amount of area than the controls (A CD = 192.91 mm 2 vs. A C = 146.84 mm 2 ; p = 0.04). In conclusion, patients with CD showed a significantly decreased mastication efficiency compared to healthy patients. Factors such as stage of cleft formation, chewing side, dentition stage and age showed an influence on masticatory efficiency, whereas no gender effect on the masticatory efficiency of CD patients was found.

Keywords: craniofacial malformation; standard food model test; cleft lip and palate; robin sequence; mastication; chewing; orthodontic patients; birth defect; sieve method; stomatognathic system (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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