Physical, Psychiatric, and Social Comorbidities of Individuals with Schizophrenia Living in the Community in Japan

Masaaki Matsunaga (), Yuanying Li, Yupeng He, Taro Kishi, Shinichi Tanihara, Nakao Iwata, Takahiro Tabuchi and Atsuhiko Ota
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Masaaki Matsunaga: Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
Yuanying Li: Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
Yupeng He: Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
Taro Kishi: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
Shinichi Tanihara: Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
Nakao Iwata: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
Takahiro Tabuchi: Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
Atsuhiko Ota: Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 5, 1-20

Abstract: The physical, psychiatric, and social comorbidities interfere with the everyday activities of community-dwelling individuals with schizophrenia and increase the risk of their readmission. However, these comorbidities have not been investigated comprehensively in Japan. We conducted a self-reported internet survey in February 2022 to identify individuals aged 20–75 years with and without schizophrenia using a prevalence case-control study. The survey compared physical comorbidities such as being overweight, hypertension, and diabetes; psychiatric comorbidities such as depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances; social comorbidities such as employment status, household income, and social support between participants with and without schizophrenia. A total of 223 participants with schizophrenia and 1776 participants without schizophrenia were identified. Participants with schizophrenia were more likely to be overweight and had a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia than participants without schizophrenia. Additionally, depressive symptoms, unemployment, and non-regular employment were more prevalent in participants with schizophrenia than those without schizophrenia. These results highlight the necessity of comprehensive support and interventions addressing physical, psychiatric, and social comorbidities in individuals with schizophrenia in the community. In conclusion, effective interventions for managing comorbidities in individuals with schizophrenia are necessary to enable them to continue to live in the community.

Keywords: community support; comorbidity; depression; epidemiology; schizophrenia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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