Poor Self-Rated Health and Associated Factors among Older Persons in Malaysia: A Population-Based Study

Norhafizah Sahril (), Yee Mang Chan, Ying Ying Chan, Noor Ani Ahmad, Mohd Shaiful Azlan Kassim, Nik Adilah Shahein, Muhammad Solihin Rezali, Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak, Fatin Athirah Tahir, Nor’ain Ab Wahab, Norliza Shamsuddin, Muhammad Azri Adam Adnan, Muhamad Khairul Nazrin Khalil and Siaw Hun Liew
Additional contact information
Norhafizah Sahril: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Yee Mang Chan: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Ying Ying Chan: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Noor Ani Ahmad: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Mohd Shaiful Azlan Kassim: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Nik Adilah Shahein: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Muhammad Solihin Rezali: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Fatin Athirah Tahir: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Nor’ain Ab Wahab: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Norliza Shamsuddin: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Muhammad Azri Adam Adnan: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Muhamad Khairul Nazrin Khalil: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
Siaw Hun Liew: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 5, 1-13

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of poor self-rated health (SRH) in Malaysia and its association with sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle behavior, chronic diseases, depression, and functional limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) among older persons. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting, participants, and outcome measures: We used data from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018, a nationwide community-based study. This study was conducted using a two-stage stratified cluster sampling design. Older persons were defined as persons aged 60 years and above. SRH was assessed using the question “How do you rate your general health?” and the answers were “very good”, “good”, “moderate”, “not good”, and “very bad”. SRH was then grouped into two categories; “Good” (very good and good) and “Poor” (moderate, not good, and very bad). Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted using SPSS version 25.0. Results: The prevalence of poor SRH among older persons was 32.6%. Poor SRH was significantly related to physical inactivity, depression, and limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs). Multiple logistic regression revealed that poor SRH was positively associated with those who had depression (aOR 2.92, 95% CI:2.01,4.24), limitations in ADLs (aOR 1.82, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.54), low individual income (aOR 1.66, 95% CI:1.22, 2.26), physical inactivity (aOR 1.40, 95% CI:1.08, 1.82), and hypertension (aOR 1.23, 95% CI:1.02, 1.49). Conclusions: Older persons with depression, limitations in ADLs, low income, physical inactivity, and hypertension were significantly associated with poor SRH. These findings provide information to aid health personnel and policymakers in the development and implementation of health promotion and disease prevention programs, as well as adequate evidence in planning different levels of care for the older population.

Keywords: self-rated health; older persons; National Health and Morbidity Survey; Malaysia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/5/4342/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/5/4342/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4342-:d:1083562

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().