Prevalence of Polymorphism and Post-Training Expression of ACTN3 (R/X) and ACE (I/D) Genes in CrossFit Athletes

Omar Peña-Vázquez, Liliana Aracely Enriquez-del Castillo (), Susana Aideé González-Chávez, Jaime Güereca-Arvizuo, Ramon Candia Lujan, Claudia Esther Carrasco Legleu, Natanael Cervantes Hernández and César Pacheco-Tena
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Omar Peña-Vázquez: Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Campus II, Circuito Universitario S/N, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico
Liliana Aracely Enriquez-del Castillo: Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Campus II, Circuito Universitario S/N, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico
Susana Aideé González-Chávez: PABIOM Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Campus II, Circuito Universitario S/N, Chihuahua 31109, Mexico
Jaime Güereca-Arvizuo: Department of Health Sciences, Multidisciplinary Division of Ciudad Universitaria, Autonomous University of Cd. Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico
Ramon Candia Lujan: Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Campus II, Circuito Universitario S/N, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico
Claudia Esther Carrasco Legleu: Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Campus II, Circuito Universitario S/N, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico
Natanael Cervantes Hernández: Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Campus II, Circuito Universitario S/N, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico
César Pacheco-Tena: PABIOM Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Campus II, Circuito Universitario S/N, Chihuahua 31109, Mexico

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 5, 1-13

Abstract: Background: CrossFit is known as a functional fitness training high-intensity exercise to improve physical performance. The most studied polymorphisms are the ACTN3 R577X gene, known for speed, power, and strength, and ACE I/D, related to endurance and strength. The present investigation analyzed the effects of training on ACTN3 and ACE gene expression in CrossFit athletes for 12 weeks. Methods: the studies included 18 athletes from the Rx category, where ACTN3 (RR, RX, XX) and ACE (II, ID, DD) characterization of genotypes and tests of maximum strength (NSCA), power (T-Force), and aerobic endurance (Course Navette) were performed. The technique used was the reverse transcription-quantitative PCR real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for the relative expression analysis. Results: the relative quantification (RQ) values for the ACTN3 gene increased their levels 2.3 times ( p = 0.035), and for ACE, they increased 3.0 times ( p = 0.049). Conclusions: there is an overexpression of the ACTN3 and ACE genes due to the effect of training for 12 weeks. Additionally, the correlation of the expression of the ACTN3 ( p = 0.040) and ACE ( p = 0.030) genes with power was verified.

Keywords: alpha-actinin-3 human; angiotensin-converting enzyme; genotype; homozygote; heterozygote; physiology of exercise; real-time polymerase chain reaction; molecular biology; physical fitness; blood gene expression (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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