A Systematic Review of the Adherence to Home-Practice Meditation Exercises in Patients with Chronic Pain

Alberto Barceló-Soler, Héctor Morillo-Sarto, Selene Fernández-Martínez, Alicia Monreal-Bartolomé (), Maria José Chambel, Paula Gardiner, Yolanda López-del-Hoyo, Javier García-Campayo and Adrián Pérez-Aranda
Additional contact information
Alberto Barceló-Soler: Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Héctor Morillo-Sarto: Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Selene Fernández-Martínez: Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Alicia Monreal-Bartolomé: Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Maria José Chambel: CicPsi, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
Paula Gardiner: Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
Yolanda López-del-Hoyo: Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Javier García-Campayo: Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Adrián Pérez-Aranda: Institute of Health Research of Aragon (IIS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 5, 1-19

Abstract: Mindfulness-, compassion-, and acceptance-based (i.e., “third wave”) psychotherapies are effective for treating chronic pain conditions. Many of these programs require that patients engage in the systematic home practice of meditation experiences so they can develop meditation skills. This systematic review aimed at evaluating the frequency, duration, and effects of home practice in patients with chronic pain undergoing a “third wave” psychotherapy. A comprehensive database search for quantitative studies was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Sciences Core Collection; 31 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies tended to indicate a pattern of moderately frequent practice (around four days/week), with very high variability in terms of time invested; most studies observed significant associations between the amount of practice and positive health outcomes. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy were the most common interventions and presented low levels of adherence to home practice (39.6% of the recommended time). Some studies were conducted on samples of adolescents, who practiced very few minutes, and a few tested eHealth interventions with heterogeneous adherence levels. In conclusion, some adaptations may be required so that patients with chronic pain can engage more easily and, thus, effectively in home meditation practices.

Keywords: chronic pain; mindfulness; meditation; third wave psychotherapy; adherence; home practice; systematic review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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