Biofuel Ash Aging in Acidic Environment and Its Influence on Cd Immobilization

Le Song, Feng Zhao, Haiyang Cui, Jingmin Wan and Hui Li ()
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Le Song: Hebei and China Geological Survey key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation, Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
Feng Zhao: Hebei Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
Haiyang Cui: College of Home Economics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
Jingmin Wan: Hebei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources and Optimization of Industrial Structure, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
Hui Li: Hebei and China Geological Survey key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation, Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 5, 1-16

Abstract: Biofuel ash (BFA), which is the ash generated by biomass combustion in a biomass power plant, can be prepared as a heavy metal immobilizer and have a good immobilization effect on Cd in the soil environment of southern China, but the long-term effects of BFA on Cd immobilization remained unclear. Therefore, research about BFA aging and its influence on Cd immobilization was conducted in the paper. BFA was naturally aged into BFA-Natural aging (BFA-N) in the soil environment of southern China, and to simulate BFA-N, BFA was also artificially acid aged into BFA-Acid aging (BFA-A). The result indicated that BFA-A could partially simulate BFA-N in physicochemical properties. The Cd adsorption capacity of BFA reduced after natural aging and the decrease was more obvious in BFA-A according to Q m in Langmuir equation and q e from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption processes of BFA before and after aging were mainly controlled by chemical action rather than physical transport. The immobilization of Cd included adsorption and precipitation, and adsorption was the dominant factor; the precipitation proportion was only 12.3%, 18.8%, and 1.7% of BFA, BFA-N, and BFA-A, respectively. Compared with BFA, both BFA-N and BFA-A showed Ca loss, and BFA-A was more obvious than BFA-N. Ca content level was consistent with Cd adsorption level among BFA, BFA-N, and BFA-A. It could be inferred that the main immobilization mechanism of Cd by BFA before and after aging was consistent and closely related to Ca. However, the adsorption mechanism of electrostatic interaction, ion exchange, and hydroxyl complexation changed to varying degrees in BFA-N and BFA-A.

Keywords: biofuel ash; aging; acidic environment; influencing mechanism; Cd immobilization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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