Influence of Environmental Exposure to Steel Waste on Endocrine Dysregulation and PER3 Gene Polymorphisms

Gilvania Barreto Feitosa Coutinho (), Maria de Fátima Ramos Moreira, Frida Marina Fischer, Maria Carolina Reis dos Santos, Lucas Ferreira Feitosa, Sayonara Vieira de Azevedo, Renato Marçullo Borges, Michelle Nascimento-Sales, Marcelo Augusto Christoffolete, Marden Samir Santa-Marinha, Daniel Valente and Liliane Reis Teixeira ()
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Gilvania Barreto Feitosa Coutinho: Center for Studies on the Worker’s Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões St., Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil
Maria de Fátima Ramos Moreira: Center for Studies on the Worker’s Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões St., Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil
Frida Marina Fischer: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
Maria Carolina Reis dos Santos: Center for Studies on the Worker’s Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões St., Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil
Lucas Ferreira Feitosa: Center for Studies on the Worker’s Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões St., Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil
Sayonara Vieira de Azevedo: Center for Studies on the Worker’s Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões St., Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil
Renato Marçullo Borges: Center for Studies on the Worker’s Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões St., Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil
Michelle Nascimento-Sales: Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), ABC Federal University (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
Marcelo Augusto Christoffolete: Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), ABC Federal University (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
Marden Samir Santa-Marinha: Center for Studies on the Worker’s Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões St., Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil
Daniel Valente: Center for Studies on the Worker’s Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões St., Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil
Liliane Reis Teixeira: Center for Studies on the Worker’s Health and Human Ecology, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 1480 Leopoldo Bulhões St., Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 6, 1-21

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the association between environmental exposure to the following chemical substances: cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), benzene (BZN), and toluene (TLN), and Period Circadian Regulator 3 ( PER3 ) gene variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphisms, according to chronotype in a population living in a steel residue-contaminated area. Methods: This assessment comprises a study conducted from 2017 to 2019 with 159 participants who completed health, work, and Pittsburgh sleep scale questionnaires. Cd, Pb, Ni, Mn, BZN, and TLN concentrations in blood and urine were determined by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (GFAAS) and Headspace Gas Chromatography (GC), and genotyping was carried out using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: A total of 47% of the participants were afternoon chronotype, 42% were indifferent, and 11% were morning chronotype. Insomnia and excessive sleepiness were associated with the indifferent chronotype, while higher urinary manganese levels were associated with the morning chronotype (Kruskal–Wallis chi-square = 9.16; p < 0.01). In turn, the evening chronotype was associated with poorer sleep quality, higher lead levels in blood, and BZN and TLN levels in urine (χ 2 = 11.20; p < 0.01) in non-occupationally exposed individuals (χ 2 = 6.98; p < 0.01) as well as the highest BZN (χ 2 = 9.66; p < 0.01) and TLN (χ 2 = 5.71; p < 0.01) levels detected in residents from the influence zone 2 (far from the slag). Conclusion: Mn, Pb, benzene, and toluene contaminants may have influenced the different chronotypes found in the steel residue-exposed population.

Keywords: steel industry; environmental exposure; endocrine disruptors; PER3 gene polymorphism; chronotypes (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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