Musculoskeletal Fitness for Identifying Low Physical Function in Older Women

Frederico Abreu (), Vera Zymbal and Fátima Baptista
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Frederico Abreu: Department of Sports and Health, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1495-751 Lisbon, Portugal
Vera Zymbal: Department of Sports and Health, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1495-751 Lisbon, Portugal
Fátima Baptista: Department of Sports and Health, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1495-751 Lisbon, Portugal

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 8, 1-10

Abstract: Aims: This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the relevance of musculoskeletal fitness for identifying low physical functioning in community-dwelling older women. Methods: Sixty-six older women (73.62 ± 8.23 yrs old) performed a musculoskeletal fitness assessment of the upper and lower limbs. A handheld dynamometer was used to evaluate upper-limb muscle strength through a handgrip (HG) test. Lower-limb power and force were assessed from a two-leg countermovement vertical jump (VJ) on a ground reaction force platform. Physical functioning was assessed subjectively using the Composite Physical Function (CPF) questionnaire and objectively by daily step count measured by accelerometry and gait speed/agility assessed by the 8-Foot Up-and-Go (TUG) test. Logistic regressions and ROC curves were carried out to define odds ratios and ideal cutoff values for discriminatory variables. Results: VJ power showed the ability to identify low physical functioning when evaluated through the CPF (14 W/kg, 1011 W), gait speed/agility (15 W/kg, 800 W), or daily accumulated steps (17 W/kg). Considering that VJ power was normalized for body mass, the increase of 1 W/kg corresponds to a decrease of 21%, 19%, or 16% in the chance of low physical functioning when expressed by these variables, respectively. HG strength and VJ force did not show a capacity to identify low physical functioning. Conclusions: The results suggest that VJ power is the only marker of low physical functioning when considering the three benchmarks: perception of physical ability, capacity for mobility, and daily mobility.

Keywords: jump power; handgrip strength; physical activity; daily steps; ageing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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