The Effects of 12-Week Dual-Task Physical–Cognitive Training on Gait, Balance, Lower Extremity Muscle Strength, and Cognition in Older Adult Women: A Randomized Study

Marcelo de Maio Nascimento (), Paula Andreatta Maduro, Pâmala Morais Bagano Rios, Lara dos Santos Nascimento, Carolina Nascimento Silva, Matthias Kliegel and Andreas Ihle
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Marcelo de Maio Nascimento: Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Campus Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil
Paula Andreatta Maduro: University Hospital of the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Campus Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil
Pâmala Morais Bagano Rios: Department of Psychology, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Campus Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil
Lara dos Santos Nascimento: Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Campus Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil
Carolina Nascimento Silva: Department of Psychology, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Campus Petrolina 56304-917, Brazil
Matthias Kliegel: Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
Andreas Ihle: Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 8, 1-18

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the effects of dual-task physical–cognitive the training on body balance (BB), gait performance (GP), lower limb muscle strength (LEMS), and cognitive performance (CP) in a group of cognitively normal older adult women ( n = 44; 66.20 ± 4.05 years). Of these, 22 were randomly allocated to the dual-task training (DT) group, and 22 participated in the control group (CG). Assessments were performed at baseline, after 12 weeks of intervention, and at the end of 12 weeks of follow-up, using the following instruments: Timed Up & Go (TUG), Timed Up & Go manual (TUGm), Timed Up & Go cognitive (TUGc), Balance Test (TEC), sit-to-stand test (STS), and verbal fluency test (VF). After 12 weeks of DT training, participants showed a significant time × group interaction in all motor assessments (BB, GP, LEMS), as well as in three cognitive tests (VF-grouping, VF-exchange, VF-total). No time–group interaction effect was indicated for the VF-category test. At all evaluation times, CG members maintained constant physical and cognitive performance. We conclude that 12 weeks of physical–cognitive DT training was effective in promoting BB, GP, and LEMS, as well as CP in cognitively normal older adult women, with lasting effects up to 12 weeks after the intervention.

Keywords: aging; older adult; postural control; gait; falls; dual task; vulnerability; verbal fluency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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