Polypharmacy Management in a Gender Perspective: At the Heart of the Problem: Analysis of Major Cardiac Diseases, SARS-CoV-2 Affection and Gender Distribution in a Cohort of Patients in Internal Medicine Ward

Filomena Pietrantonio (), Angela Ciamei, Antonio Vinci, Tiziana Ciarambino, Elena Alessi, Matteo Pascucci, Michela Delli Castelli, Silvia Zito, Simona Sanguedolce, Marianna Rainone, Jacopo Di Lorenzo, Fabio Vinci, Giulia Laurelli, Claudia Di Iorio, Roberto Corsi, Serafino Ricci, Alessandra Di Berardino, Matteo Ruggeri and Francesco Rosiello ()
Additional contact information
Filomena Pietrantonio: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Angela Ciamei: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Antonio Vinci: Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
Tiziana Ciarambino: Department of Internal Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University, 81100 Caserta, Italy
Elena Alessi: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Matteo Pascucci: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Michela Delli Castelli: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Silvia Zito: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Simona Sanguedolce: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Marianna Rainone: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Jacopo Di Lorenzo: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Fabio Vinci: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Giulia Laurelli: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Claudia Di Iorio: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Roberto Corsi: Health Management, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Serafino Ricci: Department of Hystological, Anatomical Sciences and Legal Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, 00196 Rome, Italy
Alessandra Di Berardino: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy
Matteo Ruggeri: National Centre for Health Technology Assessment, National Health Institute, 00153 Rome, Italy
Francesco Rosiello: Ospedale dei Castelli, Local Health Authority Roma 6, 00041 Albano Laziale, Italy

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 20, issue 9, 1-11

Abstract: Background: COVID-19 patients with any pre-existing major cardio-vascular disease (CVD) are at the highest risk of viral infection and of developing severe disease. The pathophysiological mechanism is characterized by the viral link to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the involvement of the endothelial system with the release of cytokines and the inflicting of direct damage to the myocardium, the induction of microthrombosis, and the initiation of alterations in oxygen diffusion. The aim of the study is to analyze the clinical course and outcomes in patients (gender-stratified) with pre-existing major CVD. Methods: Out of the 1833 (973 M/860 F) patients admitted to the Internal Medicine COVID-19 Unit of “Castelli Hospital”, Lazio, Italy, from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021, 600 patients (320 M/280 F) with a mean age of 77 (78.6 M/75.1 F) previously had CVD. Demographic characteristics, length of the stay (LOS) and oxygen therapy were evaluated. Results: All of the CVD COVID-19 patients underwent non-invasive ventilation (NIV). CVD was linked with increased LOS (21 days F/22 M) compared to no CVD (19 days). In total, 32.7% of total patients had major CVD. Conclusions: Timely identification and evaluation of patients with pre-existing major CVD are fundamental for adequate treatment based on gender, severity, state of illness and for risk reduction.

Keywords: gender medicine; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; cardiovascular disease (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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