Place of Residence Is Associated with Dietary Intake and BMI-SDS in Children and Adolescents: Findings from the DONALD Cohort Study

Janosch Klemm (), Ines Perrar, Christian Borgemeister, Ute Alexy and Ute Nöthlings
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Janosch Klemm: Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany
Ines Perrar: Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences (IEL), Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
Christian Borgemeister: Center for Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn, Genscherallee 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany
Ute Alexy: Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences (IEL), Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany
Ute Nöthlings: Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences (IEL), Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 7, 53115 Bonn, Germany

IJERPH, 2023, vol. 21, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: We aimed to determine whether place of residence in the German urban food environment is associated with habitual dietary intake (energy, macronutrients, and food groups) and body mass index (standard deviation score of BMI and BMI-SDS). Our hypothesis was that place of residence may explain some variation in dietary intake and nutritional outcomes. For the cross-sectional analyses of DONALD study data, we grouped participants according to their geocoded residence in the north or south of Dortmund. We applied robust multi-level mixed effects regression models using residence as a predictor and (1) BMI-SDS or (2) dietary data (daily intake of energy (kcal), macronutrients (energy percentage), or food groups (g/1000 kcal)) as the outcome. Models were adjusted for age, sex, and household socio-economic status. An analysis was carried out on 1267 anthropometric measurements collected annually from 360 participants aged 6–18 years (935 3-day weighed dietary records from 292 participants) between 2014 and 2019. In the fully adjusted models, residence in the south was associated with a lower BMI-SDS (β = −0.42, p = 0.02), lower intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (β = −47.00, p = 0.04), and higher intake of vegetables (β = 11.13, p = 0.04). Findings suggest that the place of residence, beyond individuals’ socio-economic statuses, may be a contributing factor to dietary quality.

Keywords: dietary intake; children; adolescents; urban settings; spatial trends (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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