Time of Energy Intake: Association with Weight Status, Diet Quality, and Sociodemographic Characteristics in Brazil

Paulo Rogério Melo Rodrigues (), Luana Silva Monteiro, Thaís Meirelles de Vasconcelos, Iuna Arruda Alves, Edna Massae Yokoo, Rosely Sichieri and Rosangela Alves Pereira
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Paulo Rogério Melo Rodrigues: Faculdade de Nutrição, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiabá 79070-900, Brazil
Luana Silva Monteiro: Instituto de Alimentação e Nutrição, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Aluizio da Silva Gomes, 50, Macaé 21941-617, Brazil
Thaís Meirelles de Vasconcelos: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, State University of Ceará, Avenida Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil
Iuna Arruda Alves: Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 50740-580, Brazil
Edna Massae Yokoo: Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Fluminense Federal University, Travessa Marquês de Paraná, 303/3 Andar, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil
Rosely Sichieri: Instituto de Medicina Social, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Pavilhão João Lyra Filho, 7° Andar, Rio de Janeiro 20950-000, Brazil
Rosangela Alves Pereira: Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 50740-580, Brazil

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 11, 1-13

Abstract: This study aimed to estimate the association of time of energy intake with weight status, diet quality, and sociodemographic characteristics in Brazil. This cross-sectional study used data from a nationally representative survey with 44.744 individuals (≥10 years old). Food consumption was assessed by 24 h recall. The evening/morning energy intake ratio was calculated, standardized, and categorized in tertiles. The association between the evening/morning energy intake ratio and weight status was estimated using polynomial logistic regression models, and differences across diet quality and sociodemographic categories were estimated considering the non-overlapping 95% confidence intervals. Men, adolescents, adults, and individuals in the higher income level had greater evening energy intake. Those with a higher evening-to-morning energy intake ratio were 15% more likely to be obese (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.28), 21% less likely to be underweight (OR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.64 to 0.98), and reported greater total energy, protein, and lipid intake, as well as higher consumption of low-quality diet markers. Higher evening energy intake relative to morning intake was associated with obesity, low-quality diet markers, and sociodemographic characteristics. The characterization of the time of energy intake can be useful for tailoring and targeting diet promotion actions and for controlling the obesity epidemic.

Keywords: chrono-nutrition; time of energy intake; obesity; dietary intake; risk factors; nutrition survey (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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