Long-Term Physical Activity Mitigates Inflammaging Progression in Older Adults Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

Carlos André Freitas dos Santos (), Ariane Nardy, Renato Jimenez Gomes, Brenda Rodrigues Silva, Fernanda Rodrigues Monteiro, Marcelo Rossi, Jônatas Bussador do Amaral, Vitória Paixão, Mauro Walter Vaisberg, Gislene Rocha Amirato, Rodolfo P. Vieira, Juliana de Melo Batista dos Santos, Guilherme Eustaquio Furtado, Ana Paula Ribeiro, Patrícia Colombo-Souza, Alessandro Ferrari Jacinto and Andre Luis Lacerda Bachi
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Carlos André Freitas dos Santos: Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-002, Brazil
Ariane Nardy: Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
Renato Jimenez Gomes: Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
Brenda Rodrigues Silva: Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
Fernanda Rodrigues Monteiro: Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
Marcelo Rossi: Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
Jônatas Bussador do Amaral: ENT Research Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
Vitória Paixão: ENT Research Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
Mauro Walter Vaisberg: ENT Research Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
Gislene Rocha Amirato: Mane Garrincha Sports Education Center, Sports Department of the Municipality of Sao Paulo (SEME), São Paulo 04039-034, Brazil
Rodolfo P. Vieira: Post-Graduation Program in Science of Human and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11010-150, Brazil
Juliana de Melo Batista dos Santos: Department of Physical Therapy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05360-000, Brazil
Guilherme Eustaquio Furtado: Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Applied Research Institute, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal
Ana Paula Ribeiro: Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
Patrícia Colombo-Souza: Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
Alessandro Ferrari Jacinto: Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-002, Brazil
Andre Luis Lacerda Bachi: Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 11, 1-17

Abstract: Background: Inflammaging and physical performance were investigated in older adults before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Older women ( n = 18) and men ( n = 7) (mean age = 73.8 ± 7.1) were evaluated before the COVID-19 pandemic (PRE), 12 months after the lockdown (POST), and 10 months after resuming exercise training (POST-TR). Physical tests [gait speed (GS) and timed-up-and-go (TUG)]; muscle strength (handgrip—HG); and serum cytokine levels were assessed. Results: Older women showed higher GS and TUG at POST than PRE and POST-TR but lower HG at POST-TR than PRE, whereas older men exhibited lower HG at POST and POST-TR than PRE. Both groups presented (1) lower IL-10 and IL-12p70 values in contrast to higher IL-6/IL-10 and IL-8/IL-10 ratios at POST than PRE; (2) higher IL-10 values and lower IL-8/IL-10 ratio at POST-TR than POST; (3) higher IL-12p70/IL-10 ratio at POST-TR than PRE and POST. Particularly, older women showed (4) lower IL-6 values at POST and POST-TR than PRE; (5) lower IL-8 and IL-10 values at POST-TR than POST; (6) and higher TNF-α/IL-10 and IFN-γ/IL-10 ratios at POST than PRE and POST-TR. Significant correlations between the variables were found in both groups. Discussion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, detraining and resumption of exercise training promoted distinct alterations in physical capacity and inflammaging among older women and older men.

Keywords: aging; older people; cytokines; physical exercise; gait speed; TUGT; handgrip; inflammaging (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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