Exploring Youths’ Offers to Use E-Cigarettes in Rural Hawai‘i: A Test Development and Validation Study

Scott K. Okamoto (), Andrew M. Subica, Kelsie H. Okamura, Katlyn J. An, Sarah D. Song, Paula Angela Saladino, Adabelle B. Carson, Zarek K. Kon, Sarah Momilani Marshall, Steven Keone Chin, Joseph Keawe‘aimoku Kaholokula, Ian Pagano and Pallav Pokhrel
Additional contact information
Scott K. Okamoto: Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
Andrew M. Subica: School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA
Kelsie H. Okamura: The Baker Center for Children and Families, 53 Parker Hill Ave., Boston, MA 02120, USA
Katlyn J. An: Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
Sarah D. Song: Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
Paula Angela Saladino: Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
Adabelle B. Carson: Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
Zarek K. Kon: Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
Sarah Momilani Marshall: Thompson School of Social Work & Public Health, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Gartley Hall, 2430 Campus Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Steven Keone Chin: Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
Joseph Keawe‘aimoku Kaholokula: John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 677 Ala Moana Blvd. Suite 1016B, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
Ian Pagano: Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
Pallav Pokhrel: Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 11, 1-16

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to describe the development and initial validation of a survey focused on problematic situations involving e-cigarette use by rural Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) youths. A 5-phase approach to test development and validation was used. In Phase 1 (Item Generation), survey items were created from a series of focus groups with middle school youths on Hawai‘i Island ( N = 69). In Phase 2 (Item Refinement and Selection), situational items were reduced to 40 e-cigarette offer situations that were selected for inclusion in the survey. In Phase 3 (Item Reduction), items were administered to 257 youths from 11 middle, intermediate, or multi-level public or public-charter schools on Hawai‘i Island. Exploratory factor analysis indicated the presence of three factors accounting for 50% of the variance: E-Cigarette Offers from Friends (24%), E-Cigarette Offers from Non-Friends (16%), and Coercive Pressure to Use E-Cigarettes (10%). Hypothesized relationships between offer situations and e-cigarette use were partially confirmed, supporting the construct validity of the survey. This survey helps to fill the scientific and practice gap in measuring ecodevelopmental risk and protection for e-cigarette use and has implications for e-cigarette use prevention with rural, NHPI, and/or Indigenous youth populations.

Keywords: Native Hawaiian; Pacific Islander; youth; e-cigarette; test development (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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