Occupational Risk Factors for Burnout Syndrome Among Healthcare Professionals: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Sohrab Amiri, Nailah Mahmood, Halla Mustafa, Syed Fahad Javaid () and Moien AB Khan ()
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Sohrab Amiri: Spiritual Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 17166, Iran
Nailah Mahmood: Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
Halla Mustafa: Health and Wellness Research Group, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
Syed Fahad Javaid: Health and Wellness Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
Moien AB Khan: Health and Wellness Research Group, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 12, 1-22

Abstract: Health professionals are disproportionately affected by burnout compared to other occupational groups. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze thirteen occupational risk factors related to burnout syndrome among health professionals globally. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in August 2023. The protocol was registered in The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), registration number CRD42023396081. Using a random-effects model, this meta-analysis assessed the association between occupational risk factors and burnout, reporting odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The meta-analysis included 109 studies from diverse global locations. Key factors influencing burnout included workplace bullying, job stress, and poor communication, with protective factors such as supportive work environments, adequate staffing, and individual resilience. All risk factors examined showed a significant positive relationship with burnout incidence. Workplace bullying was strongly associated with increased burnout (OR 4.05–15.01, p < 0.001). Similarly, low job satisfaction and high job stress were strongly associated with burnout, with ORs of 5.05 (95% CI 3.88–6.56, p < 0.001) and 4.21 (95% CI 1.62–10.94, p = 0.003), respectively. The review findings highlight the importance of addressing these risk factors through enhanced supportive work environments and promoting personal resilience strategies.

Keywords: burnout syndrome; health professionals; occupational risk factors; meta-analysis; systematic review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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