Evaluation of a Virtual Health Hub for People Experiencing Homelessness in Sydney, Australia: Ensuring Physical and Psychological Primary Health Care in Crisis Accommodation

Cathy O’Callaghan (), Paul Clenaghan, Alenda Dwiadila Matra Putra, Fiona Haigh, Sue Amanatidis, Freya Raffan, Nicole Lynch and Margo Barr
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Cathy O’Callaghan: International Centre for Future Health Systems (ICFHS), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Paul Clenaghan: Clinical Services Integration and Population Health, Sydney Local Health District (SLHD), Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
Alenda Dwiadila Matra Putra: International Centre for Future Health Systems (ICFHS), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Fiona Haigh: International Centre for Future Health Systems (ICFHS), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Sue Amanatidis: RPA Virtual Hospital (Rpavirtual), Sydney Local Health District (SLHD), Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
Freya Raffan: RPA Virtual Hospital (Rpavirtual), Sydney Local Health District (SLHD), Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
Nicole Lynch: Clinical Services Integration and Population Health, Sydney Local Health District (SLHD), Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
Margo Barr: International Centre for Future Health Systems (ICFHS), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 12, 1-19

Abstract: Introduction: Individuals experiencing homelessness have higher rates of chronic disease and face challenges accessing primary care. Virtual health care can reduce health inequity but needs user acceptance. A virtual health hub (VHH) for people experiencing homelessness in Sydney provided virtual GP and psychologist care within a crisis accommodation service. This included nursing assistance. Method: The VHH evaluation assessed the feasibility of the service specifically examining accessibility, efficiency, costs, technology, quality, and outcomes through attendance data, patient measures, stakeholder interviews, and case studies. Findings: Data indicated 40% client utilisation with high attendance for GPs and/or psychologists. All clients reported a high quality of care, appointment benefits, understanding clinicians, and treatment help, and that privacy was maintained. If the VHH was not available, one-third would not have sought treatment. The majority agreed that virtual care was the same or better than in-person care. Only a few experienced technical issues. Service provider interviews indicated the benefits of accessible and affordable care, perceived reduced hospital presentations, staff time saved, and reduced client costs. Limitations were the lack of physical examinations and lack of follow-up due to temporary accommodation. Strong stakeholder partnerships enabled implementation success. Conclusions: The VHH service is feasible and replicable with on-site assistance and stakeholder commitment.

Keywords: virtual health care; homelessness; health access; health equity; primary health (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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