A Rapid Review of Interventions to Improve Care for People Who Are Medically Underserved with Multiple Sclerosis, Diabetic Retinopathy, and Lung Cancer

Sarah Mossburg (), Mona Kilany, Kimberly Jinnett (), Charlene Nguyen, Elena Soles, Drew Wood-Palmer and Marwa Aly
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Sarah Mossburg: American Institutes for Research, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
Mona Kilany: American Institutes for Research, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
Kimberly Jinnett: Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, UCSF Institute for Health and Aging, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
Charlene Nguyen: American Institutes for Research, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
Elena Soles: American Institutes for Research, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
Drew Wood-Palmer: American Institutes for Research, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
Marwa Aly: Department of Applied Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 5, 1-22

Abstract: In the United States, patients with chronic conditions experience disparities in health outcomes across the care continuum. Among patients with multiple sclerosis, diabetic retinopathy, and lung cancer, there is a lack of evidence summarizing interventions to improve care and decrease these disparities. The aim of this rapid literature review was to identify interventions among patients with these chronic conditions to improve health and reduce disparities in screening, diagnosis, access to treatment and specialists, adherence, and retention in care. Using structured search terms in PubMed and Web of Science, we completed a rapid review of studies published in the prior five years conducted in the United States on our subject of focus. We screened the retrieved articles for inclusion and extracted data using a standard spreadsheet. The data were synthesized across clinical conditions and summarized. Screening was the most common point in the care continuum with documented interventions. Most studies we identified addressed interventions for patients with lung cancer, with half as many studies identified for patients with diabetic retinopathy, and few studies identified for patients with multiple sclerosis. Almost two-thirds of the studies focused on patients who identify as Black, Indigenous, or people of color. Interventions with evidence evaluating implementation in multiple conditions included telemedicine, mobile clinics, and insurance subsidies, or expansion. Despite documented disparities and a focus on health equity, a paucity of evidence exists on interventions that improve health outcomes among patients who are medically underserved with multiple sclerosis, diabetic retinopathy, and lung cancer.

Keywords: rapid review; interventions; medically underserved (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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