Molecular Surveillance of Artemisinin-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum Parasites in Mining Areas of the Roraima Indigenous Territory in Brazil

Jacqueline de Aguiar-Barros, Fabiana Granja, Rebecca de Abreu-Fernandes, Lucas Tavares de Queiroz, Daniel da Silva e Silva, Arthur Camurça Citó, Natália Ketrin Almeida- de-Oliveira Mocelin, Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro and Maria de Fátima Ferreira-da-Cruz ()
Additional contact information
Jacqueline de Aguiar-Barros: Malaria Control Center, Epidemiological Surveillance Department, General Health Surveillance Coordination, SESAU-RR, Roraima 69305-080, Brazil
Fabiana Granja: Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology–BIONORTE Network/Roraima Federal University (UFRR), Roraima 69310-000, Brazil
Rebecca de Abreu-Fernandes: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
Lucas Tavares de Queiroz: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
Daniel da Silva e Silva: Biodiversity Research Centre, Roraima Federal University (UFRR), Roraima 69304-000, Brazil
Arthur Camurça Citó: Research Support Center in Roraima (NAPRR) of the National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Roraima 69301-150, Brazil
Natália Ketrin Almeida- de-Oliveira Mocelin: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
Maria de Fátima Ferreira-da-Cruz: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 6, 1-11

Abstract: Multidrug- and artemisinin-resistant (ART-R) Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) parasites represent a challenge for malaria elimination worldwide. Molecular monitoring in the Kelch domain region (pfk13) gene allows tracking mutations in parasite resistance to artemisinin. The increase in illegal miners in the Roraima Yanomami indigenous land (YIL) could favor ART-R parasites. Thus, this study aimed to investigate ART-R in patients from illegal gold mining areas in the YIL of Roraima, Brazil. A questionnaire was conducted, and blood was collected from 48 patients diagnosed with P. falciparum or mixed malaria ( Pf + P. vivax ). The DNA was extracted and the pfk13 gene was amplified by PCR. The amplicons were subjected to DNA-Sanger-sequencing and the entire amplified fragment was analyzed. Among the patients, 96% (46) were from illegal mining areas of the YIL. All parasite samples carried the wild-type genotypes/ART-sensitive phenotypes. These data reinforce the continued use of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in Roraima, as well as the maintenance of systematic monitoring for early detection of parasite populations resistant to ART, mainly in regions with an intense flow of individuals from mining areas, such as the YIL. This is especially true when the achievement of falciparum malaria elimination in Brazil is planned and expected by 2030.

Keywords: Amazon; malaria; chemoresistance; pfk13; Guiana Shield (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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