From Engineered Stone Slab to Silicosis: A Synthesis of Exposure Science and Medical Evidence

Chandnee Ramkissoon (), Sharyn Gaskin, Yong Song, Dino Pisaniello and Graeme R. Zosky
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Chandnee Ramkissoon: Adelaide Exposure Science and Health, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5064, Australia
Sharyn Gaskin: Adelaide Exposure Science and Health, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5064, Australia
Yong Song: Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
Dino Pisaniello: Adelaide Exposure Science and Health, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5064, Australia
Graeme R. Zosky: Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 6, 1-15

Abstract: Engineered stone (ES) is a popular building product, due to its architectural versatility and generally lower cost. However, the fabrication of organic resin-based ES kitchen benchtops from slabs has been associated with alarming rates of silicosis among workers. In 2024, fifteen years after the first reported ES-related cases in the world, Australia became the first country to ban the use and importation of ES. A range of interacting factors are relevant for ES-associated silicosis, including ES material composition, characteristics of dust exposure and lung cell-particle response. In turn, these are influenced by consumer demand, work practices, particle size and chemistry, dust control measures, industry regulation and worker-related characteristics. This literature review provides an evidence synthesis using a narrative approach, with the themes of product, exposure and host. Exposure pathways and pathogenesis are explored. Apart from crystalline silica content, consideration is given to non-siliceous ES components such as resins and metals that may modify chemical interactions and disease risk. Preventive effort can be aligned with each theme and associated evidence.

Keywords: engineered stone; crystalline silica; ban/prohibition; occupational exposure; host characteristics; silicosis; narrative review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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