Hospital Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis from the UAE

Yehia S. Mohamed (), Mamoun Mukhtar, Akrem Elmalti, Khalid Kheirallah, Debadatta Panigrahi, Eman Y. Abu-rish, Ibrahim Bani, Eiman Mohamed Nasor, Wafa Ahmed and Abdallah Alzoubi
Additional contact information
Yehia S. Mohamed: Department of Pathological Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
Mamoun Mukhtar: Rashid Center for Diabetes and Research, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City Ajman, Al Jurf, Ajman P.O. Box 5166, United Arab Emirates
Akrem Elmalti: Dr. Suliman Habib Hospital, UmmHurair2, Dubai 11372, United Arab Emirates
Khalid Kheirallah: Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
Debadatta Panigrahi: Department of Pathological Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
Eman Y. Abu-rish: Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
Ibrahim Bani: Department of Pathological Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
Eiman Mohamed Nasor: Department of Pathological Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
Wafa Ahmed: Department of Pathological Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
Abdallah Alzoubi: Department of Pathological Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 6, 1-11

Abstract: Background: Although we are four years into the pandemic, there is still conflicting evidence regarding the clinical outcomes of diabetic patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the in-hospital mortality and morbidity of diabetic versus nondiabetic patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the Northern UAE Emirates. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data from patients with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) who were admitted to the isolation hospital with COVID-19 during the first and second waves of the disease (March 2020 to April 2021). The assessed endpoints were all-cause in-hospital mortality, length of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mechanical ventilation. Results: A total of 427 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 335 (78.5%) had DM. Compared to nondiabetics, diabetic COVID-19 patients had a significantly longer in-hospital stay (odds ratio (OR) = 2.35; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.19–4.62; p = 0.014), and a significantly higher frequency of ICU admission (OR = 4.50; 95% CI = 1.66–7.34; p = 0.002). The need for mechanical ventilation was not significantly different between the two groups (OR: distorted estimates; p = 0.996). Importantly, the overall in-hospital mortality was significantly higher among diabetic patients compared to their nondiabetic counterparts (OR = 2.26; 95% CI = 1.08–4.73; p = 0.03). Conclusion: DM was associated with a more arduous course of COVID-19, including a higher mortality rate, a longer overall hospital stay, and a higher frequency of ICU admission. Our results highlight the importance of DM control in COVID-19 patients to minimize the risk of detrimental clinical outcomes.

Keywords: diabetes; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; comorbidities; mortality; UAE (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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