Prediction of Placental Abruption of Pregnant Women Drivers with Various Collision Velocities, Seatbelt Positions and Placental Positions—Analysis with Novel Pregnant Occupant Model

Tomohiro Izumiyama (), Atsuno Tsuji, Katsunori Tanaka, Yumiko Tateoka, Ryusuke Asahi, Hiroshi Hamano, Masahito Hitosugi and Shigeru Sugimoto
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Tomohiro Izumiyama: Crash Safety Development Department, Vehicle Development Division, Mazda Motor Corporation, Hiroshima 730-8670, Japan
Atsuno Tsuji: Crash Safety Development Department, Vehicle Development Division, Mazda Motor Corporation, Hiroshima 730-8670, Japan
Katsunori Tanaka: Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
Yumiko Tateoka: Department of Clinical Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
Ryusuke Asahi: Crash Safety Development Department, Vehicle Development Division, Mazda Motor Corporation, Hiroshima 730-8670, Japan
Hiroshi Hamano: Crash Safety Development Department, Vehicle Development Division, Mazda Motor Corporation, Hiroshima 730-8670, Japan
Masahito Hitosugi: Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
Shigeru Sugimoto: Crash Safety Development Department, Vehicle Development Division, Mazda Motor Corporation, Hiroshima 730-8670, Japan

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 7, 1-13

Abstract: The aims of this study were as follows: the (a) creation of a pregnant occupant finite element model based on pregnant uterine data from sonography, (b) development of the evaluation method for placental abruption using this model and (c) analysis of the effects of three factors (collision speed, seatbelt position and placental position) on the severity of placental abruption in simulations of vehicle collisions. The 30-week pregnant occupant model was developed with the uterine model including the placenta, uterine–placental interface, fetus, amniotic fluid and surrounding ligaments. A method for evaluating the severity of placental abruption on this pregnant model was established, and the effects of these factors on the severity of the injury were analyzed. As a result, a higher risk of placental abruption was observed in high collision speeds, seatbelt position over the abdomen and anterior-fundal placenta. Lower collision speeds and seatbelt position on the iliac wings prevented severe placental abruption regardless of placental positions. These results suggested that safe driving and keeping seatbelt position on the iliac wings were essential to decrease the severity of this injury. From the analysis of the mechanism for placental abruption, the following hypothesis was proposed: a shear at adhesive sites between the uterus and placenta due to direct seatbelt loading to the uterus.

Keywords: placental abruption; collision speed; seatbelt position; placental position; 30-week pregnant occupant; shear; seatbelt loading (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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