Assessing the Impact of Non-Exhaust Emissions on the Asthmatic Airway (IONA) Protocol for a Randomised Three-Exposure Crossover Study

James Scales (), Hajar Hajmohammadi, Max Priestman, Luke C. McIlvenna, Ingrid E. de Boer, Haneen Hassan, Anja H. Tremper, Gang Chen, Helen E. Wood, David C. Green, Klea Katsouyanni, Ian S. Mudway and Christopher Griffiths
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James Scales: Asthma and Lung UK Centre for Applied Research, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
Hajar Hajmohammadi: Asthma and Lung UK Centre for Applied Research, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
Max Priestman: MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
Luke C. McIlvenna: Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
Ingrid E. de Boer: Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
Haneen Hassan: Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
Anja H. Tremper: MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
Gang Chen: MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
Helen E. Wood: Asthma and Lung UK Centre for Applied Research, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
David C. Green: MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
Klea Katsouyanni: MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK
Ian S. Mudway: Wolfson Institute for Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AB, UK
Christopher Griffiths: Asthma and Lung UK Centre for Applied Research, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 7, 1-16

Abstract: Background: People living with asthma are disproportionately affected by air pollution, with increased symptoms, medication usage, hospital admissions, and the risk of death. To date, there has been a focus on exhaust emissions, but traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) can also arise from the mechanical abrasion of tyres, brakes, and road surfaces. We therefore created a study with the aim of investigating the acute impacts of non-exhaust emissions (NEEs) on the lung function and airway immune status of asthmatic adults. Methods: A randomised three-condition crossover panel design will expose adults with asthma using a 2.5 h intermittent cycling protocol in a random order at three locations in London, selected to provide the greatest contrast in the NEE components within TRAP. Lung function will be monitored using oscillometry, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, and spirometry (the primary outcome is the forced expiratory volume in one second). Biomarkers of inflammation and airborne metal exposure will be measured in the upper airway using nasal lavage. Symptom responses will be monitored using questionnaires. Sources of exhaust and non-exhaust concentrations will be established using source apportionment via the positive matrix factorisation of high-time resolution chemical measures conducted at the exposure sites. Discussion: Collectively, this study will provide us with valuable information on the health effects of NEE components within ambient PM 2.5 and PM 10 , whilst establishing a biological mechanism to help contextualise current epidemiological observations.

Keywords: exercise; traffic; air pollution; wheeze; public health (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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