CO 2 Breathing Prior to Simulated Diving Increases Decompression Sickness Risk in a Mouse Model: The Microbiota Trail Is Not Forgotten

Lucille Daubresse, Aurélie Portas, Alexandrine Bertaud, Marion Marlinge, Sandrine Gaillard, Jean-Jacques Risso, Céline Ramdani, Jean-Claude Rostain, Nabil Adjiriou, Anne-Virginie Desruelle, Jean-Eric Blatteau, Régis Guieu and Nicolas Vallée ()
Additional contact information
Lucille Daubresse: Service de Médecine Hyperbare, Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées, 83000 Toulon, France
Aurélie Portas: Université de Toulon, 83130 La Garde, France
Alexandrine Bertaud: Aix-Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
Marion Marlinge: Aix-Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
Sandrine Gaillard: Université de Toulon, 83130 La Garde, France
Jean-Jacques Risso: Subaquatic Operational Research Team (ERRSO), Military Institute of Biomedical Research (IRBA), 83000 Toulon, France
Céline Ramdani: Subaquatic Operational Research Team (ERRSO), Military Institute of Biomedical Research (IRBA), 83000 Toulon, France
Jean-Claude Rostain: Aix-Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
Nabil Adjiriou: Aix-Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
Anne-Virginie Desruelle: Subaquatic Operational Research Team (ERRSO), Military Institute of Biomedical Research (IRBA), 83000 Toulon, France
Jean-Eric Blatteau: Service de Médecine Hyperbare, Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées, 83000 Toulon, France
Régis Guieu: Aix-Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
Nicolas Vallée: Subaquatic Operational Research Team (ERRSO), Military Institute of Biomedical Research (IRBA), 83000 Toulon, France

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 21, issue 9, 1-20

Abstract: Decompression sickness (DCS) with neurological disorders is the leading cause of major diving accidents treated in hyperbaric chambers. Exposure to high levels of CO 2 during diving is a safety concern for occupational groups at risk of DCS. However, the effects of prior exposure to CO 2 have never been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of CO 2 breathing prior to a provocative dive on the occurrence of DCS in mice. Fifty mice were exposed to a maximum CO 2 concentration of 70 hPa, i.e., 7% at atmospheric pressure, for one hour at atmospheric pressure. Another 50 mice breathing air under similar conditions served as controls. In the AIR group (control), 22 out of 50 mice showed post-dive symptoms compared to 44 out of 50 in the CO 2 group ( p < 0.001). We found that CO 2 breathing is associated with a decrease in body temperature in mice and that CO 2 exposure dramatically increases the incidence of DCS ( p < 0.001). More unexpectedly, it appears that the lower temperature of the animals even before exposure to the accident-prone protocol leads to an unfavorable prognosis ( p = 0.046). This study also suggests that the composition of the microbiota may influence thermogenesis and thus accidentology. Depending on prior exposure, some of the bacterial genera identified in this work could be perceived as beneficial or pathogenic.

Keywords: dysbiosis; Akkermansia; Rhizobium; gut–brain axis; hypercapnia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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