Impact of Respiratory Support During Hospitalization on Functional Outcomes in Long COVID: A Post-Hoc Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study

Camila Miriam Suemi Sato Barros do Amaral, Jefferson Valente, Cássia da Luz Goulart, Bernardo Maia da Silva, Alexandre Silva Neto, Nadia Cubas-Vega, Anna Gabriela Rezende, Eduardo Fernandes, Mayla Gabriela Silva Borba, Vanderson Sampaio, Wuelton Monteiro, Gisely Cardoso de Melo, Marcus Lacerda, Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco Arêas and Fernando Almeida-Val ()
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Camila Miriam Suemi Sato Barros do Amaral: Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
Jefferson Valente: Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69065-001, Brazil
Cássia da Luz Goulart: Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
Bernardo Maia da Silva: Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
Alexandre Silva Neto: Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
Nadia Cubas-Vega: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras
Anna Gabriela Rezende: Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, Brazil
Eduardo Fernandes: Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69065-001, Brazil
Mayla Gabriela Silva Borba: Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69065-001, Brazil
Vanderson Sampaio: Instituto Todos pela Saúde, São Paulo 01310-942, Brazil
Wuelton Monteiro: Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
Gisely Cardoso de Melo: Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
Marcus Lacerda: Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco Arêas: Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, Brazil
Fernando Almeida-Val: Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil

IJERPH, 2024, vol. 22, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) is characterized by the persistence of one or more symptoms after the acute phase, leading to physical disabilities. This study aims to investigate whether the functional capacity and respiratory function 120 days post-COVID-19 differed according to the level of respiratory support needed during hospitalization in acute COVID-19 in the pre-vaccine rollout period. We followed up with 118 COVID-19 hospitalized patients in the acute phase until 120 days post-acute disease, with patients split into a Non-Invasive Oxygen Therapy Group (OTG, n = 72), Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Group (IMV, n = 12), and Room Air Group (RAG, n = 34), assessing the body composition, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, functional capacity, and muscle strength at the follow-up visit. In total, 54 individuals (45.8%) were female, with a median age of 48 years old (IQR: 41–58). We found that the group with IMV was older ( p < 0.001), had more admissions to the ICU ( p < 0.001), and had longer hospital stays ( p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between groups (OTG, IMV, and RAG) for the spirometry function ( p = 0.31), DASI score ( p = 0.77), manovacuometry (MIP p = 0.74; MEP p = 0.23), 6MWT ( p = 0.43), and handgrip ( p = 0.19) outcomes. At D120, the IMV group had an important loss of body muscle mass (BMM) and a higher BMM than RAG ( p = 0.02). Reduction in MIP ( p = 0.01) and MEP ( p = 0.02) in the IMV group and OTG group when compared to the RAG was also observed. Functional outcomes at 120 days from COVID-19 hospitalization were not found to be associated with the levels of oxygen supplementation during acute disease in this group of participants.

Keywords: COVID-19; post-acute COVID syndrome; functionality; respiratory support; oxygen supplementation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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