The Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire 3 (BREQ-3) Is Reliable and Valid for Assessing Motivational Regulations and Self-Determination in Exercise Among Adults Aged 50 Years or Older: A Methodological Study

Jacyara de Oliveira Vanini, Manuela Karloh, Ricardo Coelho Bosco, Michelle Gonçalves de Souza, Marlus Karsten and Darlan Laurício Matte ()
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Jacyara de Oliveira Vanini: Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis 88080-350, Brazil
Manuela Karloh: Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis 88080-350, Brazil
Ricardo Coelho Bosco: Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis 88080-350, Brazil
Michelle Gonçalves de Souza: Santa Catarina State Health Department, Florianópolis 88015-270, Brazil
Marlus Karsten: Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis 88080-350, Brazil
Darlan Laurício Matte: Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis 88080-350, Brazil

IJERPH, 2025, vol. 22, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: The study aimed to investigate the reliability, construct, and discriminant validity of the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire 3 (BREQ-3) for evaluating motivational regulations and self-determination for exercise in Brazilian adults aged 50 years or older. The study assessed motivation for exercise, peripheral muscle strength, physical performance, functional capacity, cardiovascular fitness, and frailty phenotype. Two raters independently applied the BREQ-3. The reliability was evaluated using internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and agreement. Construct validity was tested with Spearman’s correlation coefficient and discriminant validity with the Kruskal–Wallis test. Eighty individuals participated in the reliability study, and 136 participated in the validation study. Motivational regulation and Self-Determination Index (SDI) internal consistency ranged from 0.55 to 0.82. Test–retest reliability ranged from 0.77 (95% CI 0.64–0.85) to 0.91 (95% CI 0.85–0.94), and inter-rater ranged from 0.80 (95% CI 0.68–0.87) to 0.92 (95% CI 0.88–0.95), except for amotivation, which had poor inter-rater and test–retest reliability. Additionally, moderate to weak correlations between various types of motivation and physical function tests were found ( p < 0.05). Frail and pre-frail participants had lower SDI, integrated, and intrinsic motivation regulation than non-frail individuals ( p < 0.05). This study confirmed the reliability, construct, and discriminative validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the BREQ-3 for evaluating motivational regulations and self-determination for exercise in older adults.

Keywords: aging; motivation; patient-reported outcome measures; outcome assessment; frailty (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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