Can 12-Week Resistance Training Improve Muscle Strength, Dynamic Balance and the Metabolic Profile in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

André Luiz de Seixas Soares, Guilherme Carlos Brech (), Adriana Machado-Lima, Joselma Rodrigues dos Santos, Júlia Maria D’ Andréa Greve, Marcus Vinicius Grecco, Mara Afonso, Juliana Cristina Sousa, Ariana Tito Rodrigues, Matheus Henrique dos Santos Lino, Vanderlei Carneiro da Silva, Patricia Nemara Freitas de Souza Carneiro, Alexandre Lopes Evangelista, Catherine L. Davis and Angelica Castilho Alonso
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André Luiz de Seixas Soares: Graduate Program in Aging Sciences, University Sao Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo CEP 03166-000, SP, Brazil
Guilherme Carlos Brech: Graduate Program in Aging Sciences, University Sao Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo CEP 03166-000, SP, Brazil
Adriana Machado-Lima: Graduate Program in Aging Sciences, University Sao Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo CEP 03166-000, SP, Brazil
Joselma Rodrigues dos Santos: Laboratory Study of Movement, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas (IOT-HC), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05402-000, SP, Brazil
Júlia Maria D’ Andréa Greve: Laboratory Study of Movement, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas (IOT-HC), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05402-000, SP, Brazil
Marcus Vinicius Grecco: Laboratory Study of Movement, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas (IOT-HC), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05402-000, SP, Brazil
Mara Afonso: Laboratory Study of Movement, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas (IOT-HC), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05402-000, SP, Brazil
Juliana Cristina Sousa: Laboratory Study of Movement, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas (IOT-HC), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05402-000, SP, Brazil
Ariana Tito Rodrigues: Graduate Program in Aging Sciences, University Sao Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo CEP 03166-000, SP, Brazil
Matheus Henrique dos Santos Lino: Graduate Program in Aging Sciences, University Sao Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo CEP 03166-000, SP, Brazil
Vanderlei Carneiro da Silva: Graduate Program in Aging Sciences, University Sao Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo CEP 03166-000, SP, Brazil
Patricia Nemara Freitas de Souza Carneiro: Graduate Program in Aging Sciences, University Sao Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo CEP 03166-000, SP, Brazil
Alexandre Lopes Evangelista: Laboratory Study of Movement, Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas (IOT-HC), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05402-000, SP, Brazil
Catherine L. Davis: Georgia Prevention Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
Angelica Castilho Alonso: Graduate Program in Aging Sciences, University Sao Judas Tadeu (USJT), São Paulo CEP 03166-000, SP, Brazil

IJERPH, 2025, vol. 22, issue 2, 1-13

Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of 12-week resistance training (RT) on muscle strength, dynamic balance, glycemic control and the lipid profile. Methods: The Laboratory of Movement Studies in the University of São Paulo, Brazil, developed this longitudinal study between 2021 and 2023. It assessed 62 males with type 2 diabetes mellitus pre and post an RT protocol. The participants, who were 69.8 (±3.9) years old, took part in a 12-week twice-weekly RT program. Three sets of eight to twelve repetitions each were executed for eight exercises targeting the large muscle groups. The intensity was set between 7 and 8 out of 10 for perceived effort, according to the Omni Resistance Exercise Scale. All participants were evaluated pre and post in knee extensor and flexor strength by isokinetic dynamometry, handgrip strength by manual dynamometry and dynamic postural balance by a force platform, as well as blood tests to determine the lipid and glycemic profiles. For comparison, paired t or Wilcoxon tests were used at an alpha of 5%. Results: There was an improvement in muscular strength by handgrip restricted to the non-dominant side ( p = 0.033) and for the bilateral knee flexors ( p < 0.001) and extensors ( p < 0.001), as determined by isokinetic dynamometry. There was no improvement in dynamic postural balance, glycemic control or lipid control. Conclusions: The 12-week RT promoted improved muscle strength in knee extension and flexion and non-dominant grip pressure but did not affect dynamic balance, glycemic control or the lipid profile.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; glycemia; cardiovascular risk; older adults; resistance exercise (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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